OBJECTIVE To summarize the existing evidence on the efficacy of artemether and arteether, two artemisinin derivatives, versus quinine for treating cerebral malaria in children. METHODS We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, EMBASE and the http://clinicaltrials.gov web site. We also checked the reference lists of existing systematic reviews and of all trials i...

BACKGROUND/AIMS The analkaloid drug quinine is utilized mainly for the chemoprophylaxis of malaria. The multiple side effects of quinine include hemolytic anemia and hemolytic uremic syndrome, disorders involving suicidal erythrocyte death or eryptosis, which is characterized by cell shrinkage and cell membrane scrambling with phosphatidylserine translocation to the erythrocyte surface. Signali...

Audiometric changes following quinine administration were studied in healthy Caucasian subjects and patients suffering from falciparum malaria disease. Quinine-dihydrochloride was administered intravenously as a single dose of 300 mg to 12 healthy subjects and as multiple doses of 600 mg in 4 h every 8 h in 10 Plasmodium falciparum malaria patients. The hearing function was monitored by convent...

In contrast, the treatment of severe/complicated childhood malaria appears to be evolving. The 2005 IAP Guideline followed the National Malaria Programme and recommended quinine, suggesting artesunate/artemether as less preferred alternatives(3). In 2008, it was modified as quinine with tetracycline/doxycycline/clindamycin(4) in line with the WHO 2006 statement. The National Guideline 2009(2) s...

We determined the relationship between plasma and red blood cell concentrations of quinine in children with uncomplicated falciparum malaria from an endemic area of Amazonian region. Quinine was determined by high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection. In the steady state the ratio between plasma and red blood cell quinine concentration was 1.89 +/- 1.25 ranging from 1.05...

on intravenous quinine injections. As this place is a hotbed of malaria, I deal with several hundred malaria cases each year, and for the past few months I have been in the habit of giving quinine intravenously, having abandoned the intramuscular route as, in some cases, it resulted in abscesses. Since reading Dr. Vasavada's letter I have given more than a hundred intravenous quinine injections...

We developed and validated a magnetizable solid-phase fluoroimmunoassayfor directlydeterminingquininein serum or urine. We prepared the Immunogen by coupling quinine hemisuccinate to keyhole-limpet hemocyanine, usingthis to immunizethree sheep, and couplingthe antiserato magnetizable solid-phaseparticlesto facilitateseparationof bound antigen from interferingcomponentsof serum or urine. We test...

background: gabaergic interneurons in the hippocampal ca1 area are mutually communicated by gap junctions (gjs) composed of connexin36 (cx36). we examined the role of cx36 in ca1 in manifestation of kindled seizures and hippocampal kindling in rats. methods: quinine, as the specific blocker of cx36, was injected into ca1, and kindled seizures severity was examined 10 min afterward. moreover, qu...

In spite of the wide use of quinine in the treatment of malaria, and of quinidine in the therapy of cardiac arrhythmias, little information exists concerning the metabolic fate of the cinchona alkaloids administered to man. As early as 1869, Kerner (1) isolated from the urine of subjects receiving quinine a substance thought to be quinetine, a derivative of quinine in which the vinyl side chain...

When larger amounts of quinine are consumed, it can constitute a health problem for some consumer groups. BfR sees risks in particular for quinine intakes during pregnancy. For instance, a newborn baby, whose mother had drunk more than 1 litre tonic water a day in the weeks up to its birth, suffered health disorders. Based on existing regulations in the medicinal product sector, BfR, therefore,...