In the context of rapid urbanization, systematic research about temporal trends of urbanization effects (UEs) on urban environment is needed. In this study, MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) land surface temperature (LST) data and enhanced vegetation index (EVI) data were used to analyze the temporal trends of UEs on vegetation and surface urban heat islands (SUHIs) at 10 bi...

Cities in developing countries are facing serious problems as a result of rapid urban population growth. Not the least of these problems is the creation of environmental stresses at the rural-urban fringe of these cities as they increase in area and envelop fertile surrounding agricultural lands. Because of this rapid rate of growth, sustainable urban environmental management (SUEM) policies an...

iranian traditional cities were created with a system based on experiments and gradual establishment of society through time. qajar era is especially important in iranian art history. until mid qajar era, iranian cities’s architecture mainly took benefit of its common traditional architecture that is already seen in most desert-surrounding cities. till this era, there was not any connection bet...

today, big cities in the developing countries are growing very fast. these areas swallow all the facilities, services and the capital of the country. however, they tackle with different types of urban problems such as housing shortage, increasing the unemployment rate, the issue of marginalization, transport problem and failure in the supply of other urban services, as well as environmental deg...

Increased participation in outdoor activities and an epidemic of homelessness have caused the incidence of cold injuries in the civilian population of Turkey to rise dramatically during the past 20 years. Knowledge of treatment is crucial for emergency physicians in rural and urban areas. Recent developments have significantly advanced the understanding of the pathophysiology of hypothermic and...

The population of Latin America is now largely urban. By 1990, 72 percent of the people of the region were living in cities (Figure 1). By 2020, the urban population could reach 83 percent. With increasing urbanization, the region faces problems of poverty, nutrition, and health that are somewhat different from those when the population was more rural. Thirty-five percent of the people who live...

This chapter considers the literature on urbanization and migration to cities from rural areas in developing and middle-income countries. The chapter assesses recent patterns, discusses traditional models, addresses more recent models of migration, presents some of the recent findings from the micro-econometric literature, and closes with a discussion of the role of cities in economic growth. C...

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was evaluation of the urban and rural differences in ovarian cancer patients' characteristics at the moment of diagnosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study comprised women with ovarian cancer diagnosed and treated in the Division of Gynecological Surgery of Poznan University of Medical Sciences between 2004-2011. The patients were divided into 3 g...

Network role is vital to transfer benefits of information technology in rural hands to minimize the gap between urban and rural infrastructure. Observations represent coarse relationships to identify and understand possible models based on Network Artifacts (NA) to establish computer network in rural areas. The purpose is to promote such NA which would consume less effort to learn and use new t...