The historical shift towards a scientific revolution after the eighteenth century in Europe has discarded societal and cultural folklore from its dictionary of knowledge. The Oxford Dictionary defines science as “the intellectual and practical activity encompassing the systematic study of the structure and behavior of the physical and natural world through observation and experiment” (2017). Th...

Recently, Dan Shechtman was awarded the Nobel-Prize for his 1984 discovery of a quasicrystalline phase with five-fold symmetry [1] in a sputtered Al-Mn alloy. While the solid-state community considered this discovery initially with great skepticism [2], as is now vividly described in many newspaper articles and in Shechtman’s Wikipedia page [3], the existence of material with such a symmetry ha...

Neurosciences are extended into a broad field, where the scientific observation and research join harmoniously the imagination, the intuition, the philosophy, the critic analysis, the enthusiasm and the skepticism, opening new horizons in the theoretic perspectives and offering new motivations for research, on the bases of an advanced multi-dimensional intellectuality. From the Era of Pre-Socra...

We present a continuation-passing-style (CPS) transformation for some dynamic delimited-control operators, including Felleisen’s control and prompt, that extends a standard call-by-value CPS transformation. Based on this new transformation, we show how Danvy and Filinski’s static delimited-control operators shift and reset simulate dynamic operators, allaying in passing some skepticism in the l...

Compression of the third or fourth part of the duodenum by the superior mesenteric artery or one of its branches is the anatomic basis for many cases of duodenal obstruction. Various names have been applied: superior mesenteric artery syndrome, Wilkie's disease, and arteriomesenteric ileus. Fluctuation in reported prevalence and the frequent association with neurosis have produced occasional sk...

The purpose of this paper is to question some commonly accepted patterns of reasoning involving nonmonotonic logics that generate multiple extensions. In particular, I argue that the phenomenon of oating conclusions indicates a problem with the view that the skeptical consequences of such theories should be identi ed with the statements that are supported by each of their various extensions.

The skeptic says that “knowledge” is an absolute term, whereas the contextualist says that ‘knowledge” is a relationally absolute term. Which is the better hypothesis about “knowledge”? And what implications do these hypotheses about “knowledge” have for knowledge? I argue that the skeptic has the better hypothesis about “knowledge”, but that both hypotheses about “knowledge” have deeply anti-s...

Medical skepticism is the reservation about the ability of conventional medical care to significantly improve health. Individuals with musculoskeletal disorders seeing specialists usually experience higher levels of disability; therefore it is expected they might be more skeptical of current treatment and thus more likely to try Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM). The goal of this stu...

Ernest Sosa has recently articulated an insightful response to skepticism and, in particular, to the dream argument. The response relies on two independent moves. First, Sosa offers the imagination model of dreaming according to which no assertions are ever made in dreams and no beliefs are involved there. As a result, it is possible to distinguish dreaming from being awake, and the dream argum...