A novel rate-control algorithm with a variable-encoding frame-rate method is proposed in this work for low-bit-rate video coding. Most existing rate-control algorithms for low-bit-rate video focus on bit allocation at the macroblock level under a constant frame-rate assumption. The proposed rate-control algorithm is able to adjust the encoding frame rate at the expense of tolerable time-delay. ...

The significance of land cover as an environmental variable has made land use change an important subject in global environmental change and sustainable development. Modeling land use change has attracted considerable attention. Currently, empirical estimation models using statistical techniques are one of mostly used spatial models to simulate land use pattern and its changes. Empirical estima...

Evaluating agricultural land management practices requires knowledge of soil spatial variability and understanding their relationships. Spatial distributions for fourteen soil physical and chemical properties were examined in a wheat field in Sorkhankalateh district, in Golestan province, Iran. 101 soil samples at the distances of 5m, 10m and 20m as nested grid were collected at the depth of 0-...

Background: A variable resolution X-ray (VRX) CT scanner provides a great increase in the spatial resolution. In VRX CT scanners, the spatial resolution of the system and its field of view (FOV) can be changed according to the object size. One of the main factors that limit the spatial resolution of VRX CT scanner is the effect of the X-ray focal spot. Materials and Methods: A theoreti...

We obtain global stability lobes of two models of turning processes with inherit nonsmoothness due to the presence of state-dependent delays. In the process, we transform the models with state-dependent delays into systems of differential equations with both discrete and distributed delays and develop a procedure to determine analytically the global stability regions with respect to parameters....

regional agreements can facilitate the integration of world economies by opening the borders to the trade development while accelerating technological changes and maintaining the economic growth. trade potential is defined as the trade that could be achieved at an optimum trade frontier with the open and frictionless trade possible through regional agreements based on the current level of trade...

A new heteroskedastic hedonic regression model is suggested. It takes into account time-varying volatility and is applied to a blue chips art market. Furthermore, a nonparametric local likelihood estimator is used. This estimator is more precise than the often used dummy variables method. The empirical analysis reveals that errors are considerably non-Gaussian, and that a student distribution w...

This article develops methods for fitting spatial models to line transect data. These allow animal density to be related to topographical, environmental, habitat, and other spatial variables, helping wildlife managers to identify the factors that affect abundance. They also enable estimation of abundance for any subarea of interest within the surveyed region, and potentially yield estimates of ...

We report on the discovery of a variable radio source, VLA J070238.0+385044, associated with the proposed x-ray counterpart, 1SAX J0702.6+3850 of GRB 980329. The source was monitored from one day after the burst to one month later at its variability, compactness and spectrum, we identify VLA J070238.0+385044 as the afterglow from GRB 980329. We interpret the rapid flux density variations as int...