Paper deals with backgrounds and principles of universal linear motor driven leg press dynamometer and concept of serial stretch loading. The device is based on two computer controlled linear motors mounted to the horizontal rails. As the motors can keep either constant resistance force in selected position or velocity in both directions, the system allows simulation of any mode of muscle contr...

Ankle inversion sprains are the most frequent acute musculoskeletal injuries occurring in physical activity. Interventions that retrain muscle coordination have helped rehabilitate injured ankles, but it is unclear which muscle coordination strategies, if any, can prevent ankle sprains. The purpose of this study was to determine whether coordinated activity of the ankle muscles could prevent ex...

of stretch Am. J. Physiol. 204(s) : 433-438. 1963.-A comparative study was made of effects of stretch on cat papillary muscle and auricle strips, hamster ventricular wall, ground squirrel ventricular strip, chicken auricle and ventricle, terrapin auricle and ventricle strips, and carp ventricle. In all species mild stretch increased contractile tension, excessive stretch decreased it, and veloc...

Cold stretch-formability and stretch-flangeability of 0.2%C-1.5%Si-5.0%Mn (in mass%) martensite-type medium Mn steel were investigated for automotive applications. High obtained in the subjected to an isothermal transformation process at temperatures between Ms Mf − 100 °C. Both formabilities decreased compared with those 0.2%C-1.5%Si-1.5Mn -3Mn steels (equivalent TRIP-aided martensitic steels)...

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disorder in which lymphocytic infiltration mediated mainly by pro-inflammatory cytokines. In this study, we examined the effect of combined exercise training on the levels of IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-17 in the plasma and the supernatant of peripheral blood lymphocytes in women with multiple sclerosis. Expanded Disability Status Scale (ED...

BACKGROUND Task-shifting is promoted widely as a mechanism for expanding antiretroviral treatment (ART) access. However, the evidence for nurse-initiated and managed ART (NIMART) in Africa is limited, and little is known about the key barriers and enablers to implementing NIMART programmes on a large scale. The STRETCH (Streamlining Tasks and Roles to Expand Treatment and Care for HIV) programm...