The objective of this cross-sectional questionnaire study was to assess associations of a self-report index of sun protection habit strength with sunscreen use in sporting environments and outdoor physical activity. Participants (n = 234) in field hockey, soccer, tennis and surf sports in Queensland, Australia, completed a self-administered survey on sun protection during organized sport, and d...

ANPR: Advance Notice of Proposed Rulemaking CW: critical wavelength FDA: Food and Drug Administration MED: minimal erythema dose PPD: persistent pigment darkening SPF: sun protection factor TEA: Time and Extent Application INTRODUCTION On June 17, 2011, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued its long awaited final ruling on labeling and effectiveness testing of sunscreen products in t...

OBJECTIVE To document physician clinical and personal skin cancer prevention practices and associated characteristics. DESIGN A cross-sectional questionnaire survey of a representative sample of US women physicians. SETTING Mail survey. SUBJECTS Three thousand thirty-two nondermatologists and 95 dermatologists. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Personal and clinical practices. RESULTS Twenty-seven...

OBJECTIVES Health-care costs for the treatment of skin cancers are disproportionately high in many white populations, yet they can be reduced through the promotion of sun-protective behaviors. We investigated the lifetime health costs and benefits of sunscreen promotion in the primary prevention of skin cancers, including melanoma. METHODS A decision-analytic model with Markov chains was used...

Zinc oxide (ZnO) is an active ingredient in sunscreen owing to its properties of broadly filtering the ultraviolet (UV) light spectrum and it is used to protect against the carcinogenic and photodamaging effects of solar radiation on the skin. This study investigated the dissociation of zinc (Zn(2+) ) from ZnO in commercial sunscreens under ultraviolet type B light (UVB) irradiation and assesse...

Titanium dioxide has been used in various industrial and cosmetic applications due to its unique elemental properties. This substance has a refractive index higher than most other compounds (n = 2.6142, in comparison to water at 20°C n = 1.33). This allows titanium dioxide to have an iridescent and bright quality. It has been used in the cosmetics industry for “whitening” and “thickening” in mu...

The UVB component of solar radiation is a risk factor for skin cancer, the most common cancer in the Western world. Yet little is known about the induction of DNA damage in human skin by UVB and its modulation by sunscreens. Here, we apply a novel postlabeling high-performance liquid chromatography technique to quantify UVB-induced photoproducts in skin biopsies with and without sunscreen. The ...

Recently, Walker and Young (1997) reported that ultraviolet (UV) B sunscreens offer the same UVB protection factors against inflammation and immunosuppression in the mouse . The authors studied the relationship between photoprotection of inflammation and immunosuppression with monochromatic (Phi lips TL-01 tubes, A..,. _,= 311mll) UVB radiation. T he UVB dose-response curve for murine edema was...

Sir, Adverse reactions from sunscreen ingredients have been increasingly reported, including allergic and irritant contact dermatitis, phototoxic and photoallergic reactions, contact urticaria and even severe anaphylactic reactions (1). UV filters, the active sunscreen components, are more frequently being added to cosmetic products such as lipsticks and moisturizing creams. Moreover, the varie...