Recent progress in physics on spin dependent transport in magnetic nanostructures is reviewed. Special attention is paid on the spin accumulation and spin current caused by spin injection into non-magnetic metals and semiconductors and superconductors. A variety of phenomena induced in nano-superconductor/ferromagnet devices are proposed, examining the spin-charge separation in superconductors.

The time-tested BCS theory of superconductivity is generally accepted to be the correct theory of conventional superconductivity by physicists and, by extension, by the world at large. There are, however, an increasing number of ‘red flags’ that strongly suggest the possibility that BCS theory may be fundamentally flawed. An ever-growing number of superconductors are being classified as ‘unconv...

A phenomenological theory to describe the electromagnetic properties of granular superconductors, based on known bulk superconductors expressions and conventional Josephson’s junctions tunneling currents, is presented and successfully used to fit distinct experimental results for the magnetic susceptibility χ as a function of the temperature and the applied magnetic field of rather different sa...

Tunneling spectroscopy has played a central role in the experimental verification of the microscopic theory of superconductivity in classical superconductors. Initial attempts to apply the same approach to high-temperature superconductors were hampered by various problems related to the complexity of these materials. The use of scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy (STM and STS) on the...

The dependences of neutron depolarization on applied magnetic field are deduced along trie magnetization hysteresis loop in terms of the Beau mortel of the critical state. The depolarization in uniaxial superconductors with the reversible magnetization, mcluding uniaxial magnetic superconductors,is also considered. A strong depolarization is expected ifthe neutrons travel along the vortex fines.

A thermodynamically stable vortex-antivortex pattern has been revealed in equilateral mesoscopic type I superconducting triangles, contrary to type II superconductors where similar patterns are unstable. The stable vortex-antivortex "molecule" appears due to the interplay between two factors: a repulsive vortex-antivortex interaction in type I superconductors and the vortex confinement in the m...

A new class of superconductors with the gap function odd under time reversal is considered. Some of the physical properties of these superconductors such as the Meissner effect, composite condensate, gapless spectrum and transition from the odd gap superconductor to the BCS state at lower temperatures are discussed.

The reasons to expect the formation of ordered or fluctuating charge stripes and antiphase spin domains in high temperature superconductors are surveyed. Evidence for such behavior is described, and some of the consequences for the physical properties of high temperature superconductors and the mechanism of superconductivity are presented.

Here we consider the universal heat conduction and the angular dependent thermal conductivity in the vortex state for a few nodal superconductors. We present the thermal conductivity as a function of impurity concentration and the angular dependent thermal conductivity in a few nodal superconductors. This provides further insight in the gap symmetry of superconductivity in Sr2RuO4 and UPd2Al3.

1 ar X iv :0 70 9. 41 11 v1 [ co nd -m at .s up rco n] 2 6 Se p 20 07 The magnetic flux periodicity of superconducting loops as well as flux quantization itself are a manifestation of macroscopic quantum phenomena with far reaching implications. They provide the key to the understanding of many fundamental properties of superconductors and are the basis for most bulk and device applications of ...