Culture of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis is the definitive diagnostic test for Johne's disease, a chronic granulomatous enteropathy of animals. Compared to solid media, the identification of all strains of the organism in liquid media can be more difficult because the appearance of colonies and mycobactin dependence are not observable, and the growth of other organisms needs to be...

The surface conductivity of insulators in the field is usually very non-uniformly distributed. In this case the integral surface conductivity is not an appropriate parameter of pollution severity. A better evaluation can be achieved on the basis of local conductivity measurements by means of special probes, e.g. the rod probe or tissue strip probe. In this paper the form factors of different pr...

The use of laminar airflow systems for tissue culture offers real promise in the control of airborne contamination. Some of the theoretical considerations in testing, design, and operation have been presented (1, 2). It is the purpose of this note to compare the advantages of a laminar airflow system with the conventional bench top, and to discuss some of the unique problems of these units in t...

Although core, animal-reminder, and contamination disgust are viewed as distinct "types" of disgust vulnerabilities, the extent to which individual differences in the three disgust domains uniquely predict contamination-related anxiety and avoidance remains unclear. Three studies were conducted to fill this important gap in the literature. Study 1 was conducted to first determine if the three t...

Severe soft tissue defects as a result of lye contamination remain a huge challenge in the interdisciplinary approach of trauma surgeons and plastic surgeons. Free tissue transfer is a suitable surgical option for successful reconstruction of form and function of defects in the distal parts of the lower extremities. We report the successful two-stage reconstruction of a full thickness lye conta...

background: optimized rna extraction from tissues and cell lines consists of four main stages regardless of the method of extraction: 1) homogenizing, 2) effective denaturation of proteins from rna, 3) inactivation of ribonuclease, and 4) removal of any dna, protein, and carbohydrate contamination. isolation of undamaged intact rna is challenging when the related tissue contains high levels of ...

background and objectives: contamination of cell lines and biological products is one of the major problems of cell culture techniques. rapid detection of mycoplasma contamination in cell culture is an important part of quality control standards in related laboratories. the aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of pcr in detection of myroplasma as contaminants in cell cultures and othe...

background; foods have been many changes from production to tables and continuous control is necessary to maintain food safety and supply foods with good quality. the aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of some foods with high consumption in zanjan city during the 5 years from 2009 to 2013. methods; in a case-control descriptive study with an annually control program during 5 years fr...

Salmonella enterica serotype 4,[5],12:i:- (STM) has become an increasing problem for food safety and been often detected in pork products. For this study, weanling pigs were exposed to STM-contaminated feed, water, or air determine possible STM transmission routes. An uninoculated control group of was included. The monitored daily feces rectal nasal swabs. colonization most prevalent tissues fr...