Urbanicity presents a challenge for the pursuit of sustainability. High settlement density may offer some environmental, economic, and social advantages, but it can impose psychological demands that people find excessive. These demands of urban life have stimulated a desire for contact with nature through suburban residence, leading to planning and transportation practices that have profound im...

Research from Indonesia, especially on Jakarta as a metropolitan city is published only limitedly at an international level. This research that is a small pilot study on urban metabolism is one of few studies on the city. The purpose of study is to introduce urban metabolism, which can be used to analyse the city policies and initiatives from the perspective of urban sustainable development in ...

A number of chapters in this book describe innovative infrastructure components and practices that represent efficient ways to improve the sustainability of urban development. History teaches us, however, that the take-up of innovations depends on their social acceptability and their economics. When the frame is expanded to incorporate sustainability considerations, the relevant take-up issues ...

Zanzibar is one of the smallest participants in the United Nations Sustainable Cities Program. As Zanzibar is a relatively compact urban area with just over 200 000 residents and without substantial industrial pollutants, the task of making it “sustainable” would appear at first pass to be fairly uncomplicated. Zanzibar benefits from a significant government commitment to environmental policy a...

The post-industrial European city is characterized by dispersed urbanization, resulting in increased travel, substantial use of land, social disparities and costs that are unsustainable in the long term. Consequently, most European countries have set the goal of limiting urban sprawl by prioritizing increased density in already built-up areas. To achieve this goal, it is not enough to build new...

islamic and iranian cities, both, east and west, know the physical monuments of islamic culture1 based on one of the features of the islamic cities. meanwhile, other religious centers, including tkaya, hosseiniyeh and hospice is not the case to considerate, while these elements cause to shape group behavior, strengthen social ties and strengthening of cultural integration, have always played a ...

Community is the main pillar of the urban body; and balance of social life in cities depends on preserving communities. During the twentieth century, the idea of residential-centered community has been offered in many modern theories and has been widely accepted for solving urban various problems such as management, social and human relations, health and welfare issues and aspects of meaning an...