Antibacterial/antibiotic drugs have tremendously improved the health of humans and animals since the antibiotic golden age up to date. Currently the emergence of antibiotic/antibacterial resistance due to irrational drug use in medical and veterinary practice, food industries, agriculture and in communities is posing a global health problem. Most of the unused drugs, drug metabolites and residu...

One of the major breakthroughs in the history of medicine is undoubtedly the discovery of antibiotics. Their use in animal husbandry and veterinary medicine has resulted in healthier and more productive farm animals, ensuring the welfare and health of both animals and humans. Unfortunately, from the first use of penicillin, the resistance countdown started to tick. Nowadays, the infections caus...

Antibiotic resistance is a global health concern that involves animals as well as humans. In zoonotic diseases, not generally fatal to humans, antibiotic resistance provides a reservoir from which pathogenic bacteria can gain resistance. Reducing antibiotic resistance in bovine infections is a key part of any plan to slow resistance in human diseases. A two-stage mathematical model is construct...

OBJECTIVES To describe the role patient expectations play in general practitioners (GPs) antibiotic prescribing for upper respiratory tract infections (URTI). METHODS Concurrent explanatory mixed methods approach using a cross-sectional survey and semistructured interviews. SETTINGS Primary care GPs in Australia. PARTICIPANTS 584 GPs (response rate of 23.6%) completed the cross-sectional ...

The practice of antimicrobial usage in African catfish (Clarias gariepenius) production and the presence of antimicrobial residue in catfish in Oyo State were investigated by cross sectional study. Twenty commercial fish farmers were interviewed using interviewers administered semi-structured questionnaire on the pattern of antibiotic usage, knowledge of occurrence and risks of antimicrobial re...

The global usage of veterinary antibiotics is significant. Antibiotics can be released into aquatic environments and elicit toxic effects on non-target organisms. In this study, the growth characteristics and toxin release of the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa) were examined to investigate the physiological effects of tetracycline antibiotics on aquatic life. Results showe...

Elucidating veterinary antibiotic interactions with soil is important for assessing and mitigating possible environmental hazards. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of vegetative management, soil properties, and >1000 Da dissolved organic matter (DOM) on sulfamethazine (SMZ) behavior in soil. Sorption experiments were performed over a range of SMZ concentrations (2.5-...

Propolis is an apiculture product containing beeswax, bee saliva and resins that bees collect from selected plants. Among the various uses of propolis by hive, protection against natural enemies, chiefly microbial origin, stands out, contributing to enhance hive immunity resistance infection. Most known types have phenolic substances as main resin constituents. Several compounds including flavo...

The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria is a growing public health concern and has serious implications for both human and veterinary medicine. The nature of the global economy encourages the movement of humans, livestock, produce, and wildlife, as well as their potentially antibiotic-resistant bacteria, across international borders. Humans and livestock can be reservoirs for antibiotic-...