Abstract The effective thermal expansion coefficient β∗ of a binary viscoelastic composite is shown to be frequency dependent even if the thermal expansion coefficients βA and βB of both constituents are themselves frequency independent. Exact calculations for binary viscoelastic systems show that β∗ is related to constituent values βA, βB , volume fractions, and bulk moduli KA, KB , as well as...

Understanding the numerous factors that can affect biofilm formation and stability remain poorly understood. One of the major limitations is the accurate measurement of biofilm stability and cohesiveness in real-time when exposed to changing environmental conditions. Here we present a novel method to measure biofilm strength: interfacial rheology. By culturing a range of bacterial biofilms on a...

background: laser-tissue interaction on low-level laser therapy (lllt) has widespread medical applications (e.g., improved wound healing). the tensile strength of radiated tissue by lllt is known to be increased mainly because of cross collagen bands developed after radiation. objective: in this work, we studied the instantaneous effect of radiation of polarized laser beam on the viscoelastic t...