one of temperature estates is hot day occurrence. in order to recognize the mechanism of this estate, surveying its spatial behavior is crucially important. in current paper it has been attempted to recognized widespread hot days and their spatial distribution by using statistical methods. accordingly maximum temperature database of iran during 1962-2008 has been used. the analyses result has i...

Aim: The increasing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria is a major health-care problem worldwide. WHO recommends DID (daily defined dose/ 100 Inhabitant /day) as a standard tool for measurement of antibiotic consumption. Since there was not any information regarding the antibiotics usage pattern in the north of Iran, the aim of this study was determine this in our centre.Method: This cr...

Aim: The increasing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria is a major health-care problem worldwide. WHO recommends DID (daily defined dose/ 100 Inhabitant /day) as a standard tool for measurement of antibiotic consumption. Since there was not any information regarding the antibiotics usage pattern in the north of Iran, the aim of this study was determine this in our centre.Method: This cr...

The broad aim of this study was to determine whether bedding level in the transport trailer influenced pig performance and welfare. Specifically, the objective was to define the bedding requirements of pigs during transportation in commercial settings during cold and mild weather. Animals (n = 112,078 pigs on 572 trailers) used were raised in commercial finishing sites and transported in traile...

A total of 65 multiparous cows that calved during the hot season (n = 21), temperate season (n = 23) or cold season (n = 21) were used to investigate the relationships between heat stress, seasonal changes, metabolic traits, body condition score (BCS), resumption of ovulation and occurrence of subclinical endometritis (SE). Cows were monitored for the first 7 weeks of lactation by ultrasonograp...

rice plants are injured at the seedling stage in early spring in northern iran. in order to study rice response to cold stress, the expression of osdreb1a, osap37, osmyb3r-2, and osnac6 genes encoding transcription factors was observed in 14-day-old seedlings of cold-tolerant genotype pr and cold-sensitive cv. hashemi during cold stress (5°c for 24 h) using the differential display method and t...

The present study was conducted to establish base line physiological and hematology values in Punganur cattle in different age groups (bulls, cows, young bulls, heifers, and male and female calves) and during different seasons (monsoon, winter and summer). The mean rectal temperature (F), respiration, pulse and heart rate (per min.) were significantly higher (P<0.01) in young animals than in ad...

RECENTL Y we reported that. in human liver transplantation, a preservation period of greater than 20 hours caused the rate of graft failure to increase nonlinearly.l Even with University of Wisconsin (UW) solution. there is a finite limit to the permissible time of cold storage of livers. In this study, we investigated whether microcirculatory disturbance during and after preservation is correl...

The evaluation of graft function at various stages after transplantation is relevant, particularly at the moment of organ harvest, when a decision must be made whether to use the organ. Autofluorescence spectroscopy is noninvasive technique to monitor the metabolic condition of a liver graft throughout its course, from an initial evaluation in the donor, through cold ischemia transportation, to...