We investigate the relation between perceived competition and voluntary disclosure in the absence of capital market incentives by examining private UK companies, which have the option to withhold sales and costs of sales information from their publicly-filed accounts. We survey managers about their companies’ competitive environments and we calculate archival measures of industry competition. W...

nowadays with high competition in area of business, companies have to use different strategies in order to face and control this competition. without doubt not only use of these strategies influences on packaging but also this issue affect on companies’ performance. hence, aim of this research is to study differentiation strategy of porter as a competitive strategy on organizational performance...

Postal and express shipment companies face the task to provide service between a numberof xed locations. The increasing competition and service orientation of this market sets new standards for planning. One must meet the required service level without letting costs get out of control. This paper identiies important planning tasks which have to be addressed at these companies and deenes corresp...

with development of technology and science and continuous increase in productivity, product life cycles are shortened and customer demands are more personalized and diversified, which makes companies face with ever changing and unpredictable competitive environment. therefore, rapid response to market competition has become one of the main focuses and the competitive advantages. today, one of t...

Faced with increased pressure to reduce costs companies in every industry are placing emphasis on procurement as it represents the single largest expense at most organization [1]. Procurement can mainly be performed in three ways: through catalogs, auction or request for proposals. RFPs are seen as the most effective way to identify the price of non-standardized goods but also as a time consumi...

This paper investigates competition between health insurance companies under different financing regulations. We consider two alternatives advanced in recent German health care reform discussions: competition by contribution rates (health contributions) and by fees (health premia). We find that contribution rate competition yields lower company profits and higher consumer welfare than premia co...

Based on the macroeconomic policies of the country regarding eliminating reliance on the sale of crude oil and in order to further develop the petrochemical industry and considering the special features of this industry including its technology based nature, facing fast changes and strong competition in the region, it is necessary for the active petrochemical companies to make plans with more i...

A business process is generally defined as a network of activities that uses resources to transform inputs into outputs with an overall goal of satisfying customer requirements. Companies are being driven to design new business processes and to improve existing ones by increasing competition in a global environment. And the importance of a process focus creates a need for structured approaches ...

Ranking of companies listed on the exchange represent their status and considered a criterion for investment. Also, it increases market's competition, development and efficiency. In this study, the fifty superior companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange were ranked based on financial ratios (liquidity, operational, leverage and profitability) using FAHP- FTOPSIS hybrid approach during the year...