Five new mathematical triple fouling models were developed to explore the flux decline behavior during the microfiltration. The first model was developed by the assumption of the successive effects of standard mechanism, intermediate pore blockage and cake formation by using the standard blocking flux expression in the model calculations. The second and third models also obtained by the success...

One of the recently considered applications of fiber optic, in their usage in building lighting systems. In this research, in order to reduce energy consumption, by transmission of sun light from the roof to the desired place (i.e. an office), the required standard luminance is produced. The main aims of this research are :1. Reduction of energy consumption.2. Making the place compatible with t...

We show that it is possible to obtain spontaneous CP violation in the minimal SU(2)L × SU(2)R ×U(1)B−L, i.e. in a left right symmetric model containing a bidoublet and two triplets in the scalar sector. For this to be a natural scenario, the non-diagonal quartic couplings between the two scalar triplets and the bidoublet play a fundamental role. We analyze the corresponding Higgs spectrum, the ...

Abstract: In this paper, the zero-order-hold (ZOH) discretization of higher-order sliding mode control (SMC) systems is studied. The equivalent control based SMC systems with relative degree higher than one is first formulated into a canonical form which is easy for control design. Theoretical results for the ZOH-discretized SMC systems with relative degree higher than one are given, including ...

This paper is concerned with the analyses of multi-rate controllers, which update the controller output faster than the measurement sampling frequency by a factor of N. The controlled systems is continuous, and the discrete time controller is obtained as its zero order hold equivalent. After deriving a set of equations necessary for analysis and design of multi-rate systems, the open loop chara...

The Ehrenfeucht-Fraisse game is a two-person game of perfect information which is connected to the Zero-One Laws of first order logic. We give bounds for roughly how quickly the Zero-One Laws converge for random bit strings and random circular bit sequences. We measure the tenaciousness of the second player (“Duplicator”) in playing the EhrenfeuchtFraisse game, by bounding the numbers of moves ...

Construal level theory (Trope & Liberman, 2003) suggests that construal level—or the degree of abstractness of mental representations—increases with temporal, spatial, or sensory distance. Three experiments show that the mere presence of a set of target brands at the time a choice is made encourages consumers to represent the brands in memory in terms of concrete lower-level construals. Consequ...