Recent studies have examined tropical upper tropospheric warming by comparing coupled atmosphere–ocean global circulation model (GCM) simulations from Phase 3 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP3) with satellite and radiosonde observations of warming in the tropical upper troposphere relative to the lower-middle troposphere. These studies showed that models tended to overestimate...

Recent improvements in the theoretical understanding of the relationship between tropical cyclones (TCs) and their large-scale environments have resulted in significant improvements in the skill for forecasting TC activity at daily and seasonal time-scales. However, future changes in TC activity under a warmer climate remain uncertain, particularly in terms of TC genesis locations and subsequen...

Arctic sea ice thickness distributions from models participating in the World Climate Research Programme Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) are evaluated against observations from submarines, aircraft and satellites. While it is encouraging that the mean thickness distributions from the models are in general agreement with observations, the spatial patterns of sea ice thickne...

Mekong River Basin. The Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) recently announced an updated version of general circulation models (GCMs). This study investigated the performance improved CMIP6 over those CMIP5 with respect to precipitation and flood representations in Basin (MRB). correlation error comparison from referenced exhibited a significant improvement peak value represe...

Northern South America is among the regions with highest vulnerability to climate change. General Circulation Models (GCMs) are different tools considered analyze impacts of In particular, GCMs have been proved provide useful information, although they exhibit systematic biases and fail in reproducing regional climate, particularly terrains complex topography. This work evaluates performance in...

This paper compares the historical simulations and future projections of surface air temperature over Tibetan Plateau updated Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase (CMIP6) precedent project (CMIP5) to quantify differences in under different scenarios. evaluation for period (1961–2005) indicates that multi-model ensemble (MME) mean CMIP6 outperforms CMIP5 MME simulating spatial–temporal ch...

This paper presents a comparison of global temperature variations in the stratosphere and troposphere between satellite measurements (SSU + MSU), reanalysis data sets, and CMIP5 models. The focus is on comparing interannual variability and trends among the data sets, and direct comparisons are made by constructing weighted averages of the reanalysis and model temperatures to approximately match...

The increasing availability of forced-transient simulations of the last millennium (e.g., Fernández-Donado et al. 2013; Masson-Delmotte et al. 2013; Otto-Bliesner et al. 2015) from fully-coupled General Circulation Models (GCMs) has greatly improved the potential for investigating multidecadal-to-centennial-scale climate dynamics (e.g. Coats et al. 2013a, b, 2015a, b) and for comparing paleocli...