Glutamate generates fast postsynaptic depolarization throughout the CNS. The positive-feedback nature of glutamate signaling likely necessitates flexible adaptive mechanisms that help prevent runaway excitation. We have previously explored presynaptic adaptive silencing, a form of synaptic plasticity produced by ongoing neuronal activity and by strong depolarization. Unsilencing mechanisms that...

Although a wide range of developmental disabilities following fetal alcohol exposure are observed clinically, the molecular factors that determine the severity of these sequelae remain undefined. In mice exposed to ethanol, deletion of adenylyl cyclases (ACs) 1 and 8 exacerbates the neuroapoptosis that occurs in a prolonged post-treatment period; however, it remains unclear whether AC1 and AC8 ...

OBJECTIVE Cardiac computed tomography (CCT) is useful for evaluation of acute chest pain in the emergency department (ED). Though the test needs proper interpretation by someone with expertise in cardiovascular imaging, the critical nature of the information the test provides frequently lead emergency physicians (EPs) to act on their own interpretation. We performed this study to assess how oft...

We prove that the one-dimensional sandpile prediction problem is in AC. The previously best known upper bound on the AC-scale was AC. We also prove that it is not in AC1− for any constant

Transgenic mice expressing the BV8S2 chain, which is specific for the myelin basic protein determinant Ac1-11, possess a naturally induced set of regulatory T cells directed against BV8S2. Further activation of anti-BV8S2 T cells in male mice with recombinant BV8S2 protein can inhibit IFN-gamma release by Ac1-11-specific T cells through a cytokine-driven mechanism and prevent induction of exper...

The fragile X syndrome is caused by the lack of fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP) attributable to silencing of the FMR1 gene. The metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) in the CNS contribute to different brain functions, including learning/memory, mental disorders, drug addiction, and persistent pain. Most of the previous studies have been focused on downstream targets of FMRP in h...