Increased understanding of the influence of habitat (e.g., composition, patch size) and intrinsic (e.g., age, birth mass) factors on survival of neonatal pronghorn (Antilocapra americana) is a prerequisite to successful management programs, particularly as they relate to population dynamics and the role of population models in adaptive species management. Nevertheless, few studies have presente...

One of the most fundamental questions in immunology is how the B lymphocyte immune repertoire develops and diversifies. During ontogeny, there is a temporal appearance of B cells responsive to given antigens during ontogeny (1-8). For example, in the BALB/c strain, B cells responsive to DNP appear first in ontogeny followed by fluorescein, 4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenol and phosphorylcholine-responsiv...

objective(s): alzheimer's disease (ad) is a neurodegenerative disorder in elderly patients. decrease in cholinergic neurotransmission is the main known cause in the pathophysiology of the disease. improvement and potentiation of the cholinergic system could be beneficial for treatment of the ad. acetylcholinesterase inhibitors such as donepezil can enhance the duration of action of acetylc...

 Preparation of 2-Chlorobenzonitrile, and benzonitrile are reported here from the corresponding 2-Chlorobenzaldehyde and benzaldehyde by the reaction of ammonium hydroxide/VPO titania, VPO bulk (...

Spatial heterogeneity may have differential effects on the distribution of native and nonnative plant species richness. We examined the effects of spatial heterogeneity on native and nonnative plant species richness distributions in the central part of Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado, USA. Spatial heterogeneity around vegetation plots was characterized using landscape metrics, environmen...

The Long Island Sound (LIS) estuary is affected by summer hypoxia as a result of high nitrogen loads from New York and Connecticut watersheds. In order to mitigate hypoxia, managers have established a goal of reducing the nitrogen load from nonpoint sources by 10%. One strategy to reduce N loads from nonpoint sources is the use of constructed wetlands, which provide an ecosystem service by remo...