OBJECTIVES Acetazolamide has been the most commonly used treatment for hypokalemic periodic paralysis since 1968. However, its mechanism of efficacy is not fully understood, and it is not known whether therapy response relates to genotype. We undertook a clinical and genetic study to evaluate the response rate of patients treated with acetazolamide and to investigate possible correlations betwe...

PURPOSE To investigate cerebral vasodilatory capacity by acetazolamide challenge in healthy subjects and in patients with chronic occlusive cerebrovascular disease by using susceptibility-weighted gradient-echo MR imaging. METHODS Eight patients with chronic occlusive cerebrovascular disease and four healthy volunteers were studied with susceptibility-weighted MR imaging before and after intr...

PURPOSE To compare the effect of oral acetazolamide and topical 2% dorzolamide in prevention of ocular hypertension after scleral tunnel cataract surgery. SETTING Ophthalmic department, Sana'a University, Yemen Sana'a from March 2007 to October 2007. METHODS This prospective double-blind, randomized study included 150 eyes undergoing scleral tunnel cataract surgery with hard posterior chamb...

OBJECTIVE To report the safe and successful use of the carbonic anhydrase inhibitor acetazolamide for treatment of patients with episodic ataxia and periodic paralysis who had been denied treatment because of a history of severe allergic reactions to antibiotic sulfonamides. DESIGN Case reports. SETTING University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York. PATIENTS A 61-year-old ma...

This is a report of a middle-aged male with blepharochalasis, who was successfully treated with oral acetazolamide. To our knowledge, this is the first case in the literature reporting the benefits of the use of acetazolamide in the treatment of blepharochalasis.

Urinary inorganic phosphate excretion was studied before and during the administration of sodium bicarbonate and acetazolamide in dogs that were not given infusions of phosphate. The excretion fraction of filtered phosphate increased after sodium bicarbonate or acetazolamide was given. This phosphaturia was attributed to decreased tubular reabsorption of phosphate consequent to alkalinization o...

Citrulline generation in isolated rat liver mitochondria is markedly inhibited by the carbonic anhydrase inhibitor acetazolamide (Dodgson et al., 1983). This finding suggests that hepatic mitochondrial-matrix carbonic anhydrase may exert an important controlling effect on ureogenesis by supplying bicarbonate for carbamoyl phosphate synthesis. Three different carbonic anhydrase isoenzymes have b...

BACKGROUND Alkaline tide is the transient increase in blood and urine pH following stimulation of gastric acid secretion. It is attributed to HCO3- release from parietal cells in parallel with H+ secretion. The enzyme carbonic anhydrase is thought to be responsible for HCO3- production from CO2 and OH- in the parietal cell. OBJECTIVE To examine the effect of pretreatment with the carbonic anh...

Methazolamide, a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor of strength equal to acetazolamide but with very different physicochemical properties and body distribution, was studied in animals and in man. Particular attention was given to ocular effects and to pharmacology pertinent to the treatment of glaucoma. Due to relatively good lipid solubility and low plasma protein binding, methazolamide diffuses int...

TO THE EDITOR: Drs. Teppema and Berendsen (7) raise several points that highlight the complexity in interpreting how acetazolamide (AZ) and other carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitors alter breathing at high altitude and prevent acute mountain sickness (AMS). To the point that AZ does not increase hypoxic sensitivity of the peripheral chemoreceptors in man and, in fact, depresses it somewhat—this ...