Repeated experiences with an event create the expectation that subsequent events will expose an analog structure. These spontaneous expectations rely on an internal model of the event that results from learning. But what happens when events change? Do experience-based internal models get adapted instantaneously, or is model adaptation a function of the solidity of, i.e., familiarity with, the c...

BACKGROUND Our motor actions normally generate sensory events, but how do we know which events were self generated and which have external causes? Here we use temporal adaptation to investigate the processing stage and generality of our sensorimotor timing estimates. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Adaptation to artificially-induced delays between action and event can produce a startling perce...

Self-adaptive software is a closed-loop system, since it continuously monitors its context (i.e. environment) and/or self (i.e. software entities) in order to adapt itself properly to changes. We believe that representing adaptation goals explicitly and tracing them at run time are helpful in decision-making for adaptation. While goal-driven models are used in requirements engineering, they hav...

UNLABELLED Sensorimotor adaptation has traditionally been viewed as a purely error-based process. There is, however, growing appreciation for the idea that performance changes in these tasks can arise from the interplay of error-based adaptation with other learning processes. The challenge is to specify constraints on these different processes, elucidating their respective contributions to perf...

background and objectives: essential oils are complex mixtures containing compounds of several different functional- group classes. depending on the structure, we can distinguish monoterpenes, phenylpropanes, and other components. here in this study two monoterpene compounds of essential oils, i.e. β-pinene and limonene were examined for their antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus typ...

background: metabolic syndrome (ms) is defined as a pattern of metabolic disorders including central obesity, insulin resistance or hyperglycemia, high blood pressure, and dyslipidemia. many studies show a clear relationship between diet and components of ms. the aim of the current study was to identify barriers to adherence to dietary recommendations among iranian ms patients. methods: the the...

Consistent exposure to a temporal lag between observers' voluntary action and its visual feedback induced recalibration of temporal order perception between a motor action and a visual stimulus. It remains unclear what kinds of processing underlie this motor-visual temporal recalibration. This study examined the necessity of awareness of a temporal lag between a motor action and its visual feed...