Objective(s): Varenicline is a selective partial agonist for the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor a4b2 subtype, which is widely used to treat smoking addiction. However, there is still no data about its potential toxic effects on tissues. In this study, we aimed to determine the varenicline-induced toxicity on reproductive and renal tissues in rats.Ma...

Cyclizine (1-benzhydryl-4-methyl-piperazine, CAS 82-92-8, CYC, I), a piperazine derivative, belongs to H1 antihistamine group of drugs that shows such pharmacological properties as anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic and anti-platelet effects, similar to other H1-receptor antagonists. In this study, two new tolyl and cumene derivatives of I (1-ethyl-4-[(p-isopropylphenyl) (p-tolyl) methyl]-piperaz...

the  non-classical mhc  class-i mainly involves in the  regulation of  innate  immune responses where hla-e  plays a significant role in the cell identification by natural killer cells. hla-e is a main regulatory ligand for natural killer cells and given the importance of these effector cells in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, we investigated the effect of hla-e polymorphisms on post-h...

Background and Objectives:  The aim of this study was to survey the relationship between the level of  creatinine,cardiac troponins serum and the function of  the left ventricle in patients with  kidney insufficiency,without acute coronary syndrome. Materialsand Methods:The sample  was150 patients with nondialysis chronic kidney disease without  acute  coronary  syndrome,  hospitalized  at  I...

Background and objectives: Solanum trilobatum plant parts such as berries and flowers are normally used for the treatment of respiratory illnesses. The toxicity profile of the plant and its parts are not clear. Hence, the present study was planned to investigate the toxicological effects of ethanol extract of leaves of S. trilobatum (EEST) using acute and sub-...

objective(s) psychotropic medications produce their effects, in part, through increasing neurotrophin levels in the brain. since studies concerning nerve growth factor (ngf) analysis have been limited in scope, in the current experiments we investigated the effects of diverse psychotropic agents on ngf protein levels in various brain regions of rat. materials and methods male wistar rats receiv...

background: repeated applications of animal manure as fertilizer are normal agricultural practices in malaysia that may release veterinary antibiotics to environment from treated animals. methods: environmental risk assessment (era) on 5 commonly used antibiotics and one hormone in malaysian broiler farm was calculated using the ratio of measured environmental concentration (mec) and predicted ...

s100ß a neurotrophic factor mainly released by astrocytes, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of bipolar disorder. thus, lithium may exert its neuroprotective effects to some extent through s100ß. furthermore, the possible effects of lithium on astrocytes as well as on interactions between neurons and astrocytes as a part of its mechanisms of actions are unknown. this study was undertaken...

the relationship between age, sex and location of the pateints and the outbreak of acute and chronic cholecystitis in patients operated in imam khomeini hospital of urmia     khalaji n [1] * , abdullahzade n [2] , pourghassem j [3] , maleki m [4]     received: 26 sep , 2013 accepted: 5 nov , 2013   abstract   background & aims : cholecystitis is one of the most common diseases in gastrointestin...