Generalized adjoint with modified discretization and generalized coarse-grain adjoint are derived for a vector system of equations that contains parameterized on/off switches. With vector examples, it is shown that the conventional adjoint minimization may have a convergence problem in multidimensional space. The problem can be solved by the generalized adjoint with modified discretization or b...

Motivated by various applications triangulations of surfaces using only acute triangles have been recently studied. Triangles and quadrilaterals can be triangulated with at most 7, respectively 10, acute triangles. Doubly covered triangles can be triangulated with at most 12 acute triangles. In this paper we investigate the acute triangulations of doubly covered convex quadrilaterals, and show ...

The behavior of analytic and numerical adjoint solutions is examined for the quasi-1D Euler equations. For shocked ow, the derivation of the adjoint problem reveals that the adjoint variables are continuous with zero gradient at the shock and that an internal adjoint boundary condition is required at the shock. A Green's function approach is used to derive the analytic adjoint solutions corresp...