Layers of dormant endospores of Bacillus subtilis HA101 were applied to eight different spacecraft materials and exposed to martian conditions of low pressure (8.5 mbar), low temperature (-10 degrees C), and high CO(2) gas composition and irradiated with a Mars-normal ultraviolet (UV-visible- near-infrared spectrum. Bacterial layers were exposed to either 1 min or 1 h of Mars-normal UV irradiat...

low water-wettability and oxidation resistance of graphite have limited its application in carbon containing refractory castables. the aims of this study were improvement of water-wettability and the oxidation resistance of natural flaky graphite by applying an oxide coating on its surface. to develop the coating, magnesium aluminate spinel sol was formulated via a citrate-nitrate route and gra...

continue on reverse if necessary and identify by block number) The corrosion mechanisms and behavior of a P-130x graphite fiber reinforced 6063 aluminum composite laminate were udied. Electrochemical and total immersion tests were performed on the composite in 3.5% sodium chloride and 5.0% >dium sulfate solutions. The effects of pH, the presence of sulfite ions, various heat treatments, and ele...

The present paper deals with the design of experimental work matrices for two groups of experiments by using Response surface methodology (RSM). The first EDM group was dealt with the use of kerosene dielectric alone, while the second was treated by adding the graphite micro powders mixing to dielectric fluid (PMEDM). The total heat flux generated and fatigue lives after EDM and PMEDM models we...

production of fe-c alloy powders by mechanical alloying was studied. fe and graphite elemental powdermixtures containing 0.8 and 1.5wt.% graphite were mechanically alloyed using a planetary ball mill. thestructural changes of powder particles during mechanical alloying were studied by x-ray diffractometery,scanning electron microscopy and microhardness measurements. for both compositions, mecha...

First-principles calculations of phenol adsorbed on two different surfaces, graphite 0001 and -Al2O3 0001 , are performed with traditional semilocal density functional theory DFT and with a recently presented density functional vdW-DF that incorporates the dispersive van der Waals vdW interactions Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 246401 2004 . The vdW-DF is of decisive importance for describing the vdW bon...

Abstract Aluminum is an attractive candidate for replacing graphite anodes in lithium‐ion batteries because of its high specific capacity and the potential direct use as foil. However, achieving reversible reaction aluminum challenging due to volume changes, SEI formation, sluggish ion transport. Although prior work has investigated electrochemical transformation behavior aluminum, effects key ...

ingestion and inhalation of phosphine are 2 forms of toxicity and their clinical manifestation is extremely wide. a 22-year-old girl was admitted with complaints of nausea, vomiting and epigastric pain after eating lunch. she had a history of celiac disease. on arrival, she was alert and hemodynamically stable. there was not any abdominal tenderness or guarding. food poisoning treatment initiat...