Thalamic haemorrhage is usually considered a single entity although the thalamus is composed of anatomically as well as functionally discrete subregions receiving blood from different arteries. The clinical features vary according to the intrathalamic location of the haematomas and the bleeding artery. We investigated the impact of haematoma location and vascular territory on the clinical sympt...

A 79-year-old man, admitted for left knee replacement, complained of right-sided vision loss on postoperative day 3. Examination revealed a right homonymous hemianopsia, fluent speech with semantic paraphasias, and impaired naming and comprehension, with intact repetition. MRI of the brain (figure) showed restricted diffusion affecting the left pulvinar nucleus, without signal abnormality in th...

It is controversial whether isolated lesions of mammillothalamic tract (MTT) produce significant amnesia. Since the MTT is small and adjacent to several important structures for memory, amnesia associated with isolated MTT infarction has been rarely reported. We report a patient who developed amnesia following an infarction of the left MTT that spared adjacent memory-related structures includin...

With intracranial electric shock in the posterior hypothalamus as the source of positive reinforcement, eleven rats were trained to run and " count " in an operant version of the Lashley III maze. In seven animals, bilateral lesions were made in anterior medial forebrain bundle regions; in four animals bilateral lesions were made in anterior thalamic and caudate regions. In earlier experiments ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Thalamic infarcts have traditionally been classified into 4 territories: anterior, paramedian, inferolateral, and posterior. The purpose of this study was to review this classical versus variant distribution in patients with thalamic stroke. METHODS We reviewed all patients with a first clinical stroke included in the Lausanne Stroke Registry between 1990 and 2002. Amon...

The ventromedial (VM)/ventro-anterior-lateral (VAL) motor thalamus is a key junction within the brain circuits sustaining normal and pathologic control functions decision-making. In this area of thalamus, on one hand, inhibitory nigro-thalamic pathway provides main output from basal ganglia, and, other thalamo-cortical loops are involved in maintenance ramping preparatory activity before goal-d...

cell types, one that innervates the song motor nucleus RA, and the other that innervates the basal ganglia homologue area X. Area X, the thalamic nucleus DLM and the anterior telencephalic nucleus LMAN form the anterior forebrain pathway (AFP; gray), which is implicated in auditory feedback and song perception, and which is essential to audition-guided vocal plasticity in juvenile and adult bir...

Several subregions in the limbic thalamus have been suggested as the key locus for diencephalic amnesia, including the anterior thalamic nuclei, intralaminar nuclei and mediodorsal nuclei. There is, however, no consensus as to a single critical site and recent research has suggested instead that different thalamic areas may contribute to diencephalic amnesia in subtly different ways. This study...

Vestibular activation is found in diverse cortical areas. To characterize the pathways and types of signals supplied to cortex, we recorded responses to rotational and/or translational stimuli in the macaque thalamus. Few cells responded to rotation alone, with most showing convergence between semicircular canal and otolith signals. During sinusoidal rotation, thalamic responses lead head veloc...