نتایج جستجو برای: back translation method then
تعداد نتایج: 2457119 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
over the past decades a number of approaches have been applied for forecasting mortality. in 1992, a new method for long-run forecast of the level and age pattern of mortality was published by lee and carter. this method was welcomed by many authors so it was extended through a wider class of generalized, parametric and nonlinear model. this model represents one of the most influential recent d...
background: the aim of this study was to validate the farsi version of rome iii modular questionnaire which contains all functional gastrointestinal disorders (fgids). materials and methods: we used rome foundation guidelines for translation of english version into farsi, and all the steps were performed. in the first step, 2 forward translations into farsi were completed by two authors separat...
Data selection has proven its merit for improving Neural Machine Translation (NMT), when applied to authentic data. But the benefit of using synthetic data in NMT training, produced by popular back-translation technique, raises question if could also be useful data? In this work we use Infrequent n-gram Recovery (INR) and Feature Decay Algorithms (FDA), two transductive methods obtain subsets s...
OBJECTIVES to perform the cultural adaptation of the Family Management Measure into the Brazilian Portuguese language. METHOD the method complied with international recommendations for this type of study and was composed of the following steps: translation of the instrument into the Portuguese language; reaching consensus over the translated versions; assessment by an expert committee; back t...
abstract nowadays, the science of decision making has been paid to more attention due to the complexity of the problems of suppliers selection. as known, one of the efficient tools in economic and human resources development is the extension of communication networks in developing countries. so, the proper selection of suppliers of tc equipments is of concern very much. in this study, a ...
the aim of the present study was to determine psychometric properties of the persian version of the group conflict questionnaire in male and female athletes. for this purpose, 281 athletes at different skill levels in 25 team and individual sports were selected through cluster random sampling method and were asked to complete the persian version of this questionnaire. firstly, the accuracy of t...
abstract background: one of the most important problems in surgical patients is anxiety before surgery. teach-back method is an interactive training method that can lead to increase understanding and knowledge of the patients. the aim of this study is survey the effect of teach back- method on surgical anxiety in primiparous cesarean section women. methods: this study is a randomized clinical t...
FORTRAN, a classical imperative language is mapped into IF1, a machine-independent (SAS) dataaow graph description language with Single Assingment Semantics. Parafrase 2 (P2) is used as the front-end of our system. It parses the source code, generates an intermediate representation and performs several types of analysis. Our system extends the internal representation of P2 with two data structu...
This study describes the cultural adaptation and testing of the behavioral pain scale (BPS) and the critical-care pain observation tools (CPOT) for pain assessment in Taiwan. The cross-cultural adaptation followed the steps of translation, including forward translation, back-translation, evaluation of the translations by a committee of experts, adjustments, and then piloting of the prefinal ver...
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