This paper deals with fuzzy goal programming approach to quadratic bi-level multi-objective programming problem involving a single decision maker with multiple objectives at the upper level and a single decision maker with multiple objectives at the lower level. The objective functions of each level decision maker are quadratic in nature and the system constraints are linear functions. In the m...

This paper investigates the dynamic journey time estimation (DJTE) problem, which can be used to estimate simultaneously the mean and standard deviation (SD) of path journey times in stochastic road networks. In this paper, a bi-level programming model is proposed to solve the DJTE problem. The upper level is to minimize the deviations of the mean and SD between the estimated and observed path ...

This paper investigates the Stackelberg equilibrium for pricing and ordering decisions in a multi-channel supply chain. We study a situation where a manufacturer is going to open a direct online channel in addition to n existing traditional retail channels. It is assumed that the manufacturer is the leader and the retailers are the followers. The situation has a hierarchical nature and...