In the West, the history of writing on art goes back to the classical antiquity but writing art history began with Giorgio Vasari’s 16th-century pioneering work on the artists’ biographies. In the present article, the authors follow the preliminary conditions that led to the birth and development of art history in the western world. The first important comparison is between the birth time of ar...

This article is an attempt to have an analytical study of the book of Ahmad Ibn Ali Ibn Abbas Najashi, one of the Shiite experts in the science of the transmission of hadith. Considering certain proofs and evidence it shows that The List of Names of the Shiite Authors was presented to the world of knowledge at that time not at the time of the life of its author, but rather many years after his ...