Bovine anaplasmosis is a vector-borne disease that results in substantial economic losses in other parts of the world but so far not in northern Europe. In August 2002, a fatal disease outbreak was reported in a large dairy herd in the Swiss canton of Grisons. Diseased animals experienced fever, anorexia, agalactia, and depression. Anemia, ectoparasite infestation, and, occasionally, hemoglobin...

conclusions therefore, development of rapid diagnostic methods with suitable sensitivity and specificity is very important about this infectious disease. in this review, we will discuss some of the important diagnostic methods. context diarrhea is a common disease across the world. according to who, every year about two billion cases of diarrhea are reported in the world. it occurs mainly in th...

This paper discusses food-borne zoonotic diseases by considering contemporary influences on food safety and examining pathogens at the human/animal interface. The authors also discuss the epidemiological surveillance of food-borne illnesses and the differences in disease statistics from one country to another. Before concluding with a number of recommendations, the paper highlights the importan...

Landscape genetics aims to quantify the effect of landscape on gene flow. Broadly, the approach involves measuring genetic variation, quantifying landscape heterogeneity, and statistically testing the link between both genetic variation and landscape heterogeneity. This approach has been widely used by conservation biologists, for example to identify barriers restricting movement in threatened ...

♦ Personal protective measures, such as using insect repellent, wearing longsleeved shirts and long pants while outdoors, and avoiding tick and mosquito habitat, reduce the risk of vector-borne diseases. Vector-borne Diseases in Hennepin County Key Findings Introduction This Epidemiology Update summarizes vector-borne disease cases and trends in Hennepin County. This issue is one in a series of...

Canine ehrlichiosis has emerged as one of the most clinically important tick-borne diseases affecting dogs. Eighty-five naturally infected dogs have been investigated, the most consistent clinical signs recorded were fever, emaciation and lymphoadenopathy, anemia, monocytosis, thrompocytopenia, hypoalbuminemia, elevation in liver enzymes and total bilirubin were the most remarkable changes asso...

It is believed that over 40 different food-borne pathogens are responsible for human illnesses (Buzby and Roberts, 1996) and in the United Kingdom an average of 9.4 million food-borne illness cases are reported annually (Walker et al., 2003). It is estimated, by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention that food-borne diseases cause between six and 81 million illnesses, 325,000 hospi...

Dengue is the most common disease among all the arthropod-borne viral diseases. Due to occurrence of remarkable changes in the epidemiology of dengue, currently dengue ranks as the most important mosquito-borne viral disease in the world. In the past 50 years, its incidence has increased 30-fold with significant outbreaks occurring in five of the six World Health Organization (WHO) regions. At ...

This proposal represents the cooperative efforts of the international tick research community to develop the first large scale genomic analysis of a medically significant tick, namely Ixodes scapularis. Ticks transmit the greatest variety of human and animal pathogens of any arthropod vector and are second only to mosquitoes as vectors of human disease (Fivaz et al., 1992; Sonenshine and Mather...