Exogenous administration of arachidonic acid, prostaglandins PGF2 alpha, PGD2 and PGE2 increased potassium-stimulated uptake of calcium in rat brain synaptosomes from the brain of the rat, but had no effect on the basal uptake of calcium. Arachidonic acid-induced uptake of calcium was mediated by its prostaglandin metabolites, because a cyclooxygenase inhibitor, indomethacin, inhibited the resp...

Purpose: Hyperglycemia have effect on the FDG uptake in brain, potentially mimic patterns seen early neurodegenerative disease normal individuals. Therefore, this study, impact of blood glucose level cerebral 18F-FDG was evaluated and establish suitable cutoff for assessment disorders.Methods: This retrospective study conducted 420 patients (blood 60 to 197mg/dL) who underwent PET/CT whole body...

Melphalan has been reported to be actively transported into tumor cells by two amino acid carrier systems. As amino acids are transported across cerebral capillaries by a facilitated mechanism, studies were undertaken to assess whether or not melphalan was transported similarly, and additionally to determine melphalan's plasma and brain pharmacokinetics. The brain uptake of [14C]melphalan was m...

Glutamate is the main excitatory neurotransmitter in mammalian CNS, essential for brain activities, as those involved in brain ontogeny and ageing, memory, and adaptation to the environment. However, high glutamate levels in synaptic cleft may be potentially neurotoxic, involved in the pathogenesis of various acute and chronic brain injuries (excitotoxicity). The main process responsible by mai...

In view of reports of colistin-induced neurotoxicity in infected patients, the aim of this study was to assess whether the integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the brain uptake of colistin are altered in the presence of systemic Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. Bacteremia was confirmed 8 h after intramuscular administration of P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853 to Swiss Outbred mice, at which ...

The amyloid hypothesis states that amyloid beta protein (Abeta) plays a major causal role in the onset of Alzheimer's disease. Toxicity of Abeta can be modified by metal ions. Two mechanisms by which such Abeta and metal ions could interact are by enhanced oxidative stress or by altered fibrillation. Specifically, Abeta fibrillation is increased by aluminum (Al) and copper (Cu) and Al also incr...

Doxorubicin delivery to the brain is often restricted because of the poor transport of this therapeutic molecule through the blood-brain barrier (BBB). To overcome this problem, we have recently developed a technology, Pep:trans, based on short natural-derived peptides that are able to cross efficiently the BBB without compromising its integrity. In this study, we have used the in situ mouse br...

OBJECTIVE Concurrent low brain and high liver uptake are sometimes observed on fluorine-18-labeled fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET). We investigated the potential clinical significance of this uptake pattern related to metabolic syndrome (MS). MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively reviewed data from 264 consecutive males who had undergone general health che...

BACKGROUND Overexpression of cyclooxygenase type 2 (COX-2) is triggered by inflammatory stimuli, but it also plays a prominent role in the initiation and progression of various diseases. This study aims to investigate [(11)C]rofecoxib as a positron emission tomography (PET) tracer for COX-2 expression. METHODS [(11)C]Rofecoxib was prepared by methylation of its sulphinate precursor. Regional ...