Various concentrations of anionic surfactant, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), were used to control the growth of calcium carbonate crystals. The obtained calcium carbonate particles were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), laser scattering particle size analyzer and zeta potential analyzer...

The present paper compiles an up-to-date taxonomic inventory of dasycladalean green algae of the KimmeridgianEarly Berriasian Plassen Carbonate Platform and their resediments in basinal sediments (e.g., Barmstein Limestone, Sillenkopf Formation) of the Northern Calcareous Alps of Austria (p.p. Germany). Today, the Plassen Carbonate Platform sensu lato (or Plassen Group) is divided into three in...

Controlling the growth of the polymorphs of calcium carbonate is important in understanding the changing environmental conditions in the oceans. Aragonite is the main polymorph in the inner shells of marine organisms, and can be readily converted to calcite, which is the most stable polymorph of calcium carbonate. Both of these polymorphs are significantly more stable than vaterite, which is th...

Calcium carbonate is the material that builds up the spicules of the calcareous sponges. Recent results revealed that the calcium carbonate/biocalcite-based spicular skeleton of these animals is formed through an enzymatic mechanism, such as the skeleton of the siliceous sponges, evolutionarily the oldest animals that consist of biosilica. The enzyme that mediates the calcium carbonate depositi...

The continental margin off northeast Australia, comprising the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) platform and Queensland Trough, is the largest tropical mixed siliciclastic /carbonate depositional system in existence. We describe a suite of 35 piston cores and two Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) sites from a 130 × 240 km rectangular area of the Queensland Trough, the slope and basin setting east of the cen...

Considering the important roles of carbonate rock fraction in karst rocky desertification areas and their potential for indicating damage to vegetation, improved knowledge is desired to assess the application of spectroscopy and remote sensing to characterizing and quantifying the biophysical constituents of karst landscapes. In this study, we examined the spectra of major surface constituents ...

Hyperphosphatemia has been shown to be involved not only in the onset and progression of secondary hyperparathyroidism but also in vascular calcification. In addition, it influences the clinical course of patients with chronic kidney disease. Phosphate (Pi) binder is required in the management of hyperparaphosphatemia, because dietary Pi restriction and Pi removal by hemodialysis alone are insu...

Optical lightness is increasingly being used as a proxy for the carbonate content of marine sediment. We compared three measurements of optical lightness, gray scale, brightness and L, to carbonate content to test the reliability of these Ž . measurements as carbonate content proxies. In five piston cores from isotope stages 1 though 6 0–;130 ka , all measures of optical lightness are reasonabl...

The effect of histamine H2-receptor antagonist (famotidine) on the phosphorus-binding abilities of calcium carbonate and calcium lactate were examined in 13 chronic hemodialysis patients. In seven patients receiving calcium carbonate, famotidine (20 mg/d) was given because of gastroduodenal disorders, and calcium carbonate was replaced with calcium lactate as a phosphorus binder after 4 wk of t...

This study aims to investigate the effects of the strength improvement of soft ground (sand) by producing calcium carbonate powder through microbial reactions. To analyze the cementation effect of calcium carbonate produced through microbial reaction for different weight ratios, four different types of specimens (untreated, calcium carbonate, cement, and calcium carbonate + cement) with differe...