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The Hyrcanian forests of Iran contain many species-rich communities that can only be maintained through an understanding the renewal and development these forests. Located in Jojadeh section Farim forest northern Iran, individual tree growth five distinct species [(Oriental beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky), chestnut-leaved oak (Quercus castaneifolia Coss. ex J.Gay), Persian maple (Acer velutinum...

Abstract Key Message In an urban area, resistance and resilience of stem diameter growth differ substantially between tree species. Traffic emissions are reflected in wood nitrogen isotopes, but do not affect drought tolerance. With increasing heat, the benefits trees such as shading cooling become more important. Yet, it is necessary to identify species able withstand extreme climatic conditio...

With this study, Cataldag province extending at the provincial borders of Balıkesir and Bursa, field studies were performed 11 different study areas per three weeks using pitfall traps window with old hollow seven original forest tree species (Alnus glutinosa, Carpinus betulus, Platanus orientalis, Fagus Quercus petreae, Q. cerris, cerris x infectoria) in between April November months during 20...

The height to crown base (hcb) is a critical measure used in many investigations as an input variable investigate the vigour of stands, social position trees, and evaluate behaviour forest fires, among other uses. Though measuring height-related variables field always time-consuming, foremost benefits offered by modelling hcb are that it permits generalize average very uneven attribute and, fur...

Studying regeneration processes in oak-dominated forests requires a multi-faceted approach that considers local factors, disturbances, management actions, and tree responses. Our aims were to quantify the carbon water-use responses of saplings evaluate ecological consequences at early phase pedunculate oak-hornbeam forest. We measured plant eco-physiological parameters using an open-chamber IRG...