and Carbon Emission Constraints Xiao-qing Zhang Xi-gang Yuan (1. The School of Statistics Southwestern University of Finance and Economics Chengdu 611130, P.R. China (2. The School of Statistics Southwestern University of Finance and Economics Chengdu 611130, P.R. China) Abstract: In this paper, we discuss the government’s reward and penalty mechanism in the presence of asymmetric information a...

In this paper, we study a buyback contract model of the competitive newsvendor problem between a single supplier and multiple retailers under simultaneous price and safety stock competition. A price completion factor and a spill rate translate the price and safety stock competition, respectively. Our model is an extension of the problem analyzed in Zhao and Atkins (2) by the adoption of a buyba...

Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR) model is developed and maintained by the Supply Chain Council (SCC). The model is a reference model which can be utilized to map benchmark and improve the supply chain operations. SCOR model provides companies with a basic process modeling tool, an extensive benchmark database by defining a set of supply chain metrics. This paper explains the process and...

Supply chains are ubiquitous in the manufacturing of many complex products. Traditionally, supply chains have been created through the interactions of human representatives of the companies involved, but advances in autonomous agent technologies have sparked an interest in automating the process. The Trading Agent Competition Supply Chain Management (TAC SCM) scenario provides a unique testbed ...

background: the purpose of this study was to investigate the ratio of electromyography (em g) activities of the vastus medialis obliqus (vmo) and vastus lateralis (vl) within seven angles of knee joint range of motion using isometric contraction in open kinetic chain (ok c) and closed kinetic chain (ckc). methods: the dominant knees of 44 healthy female subjects (mean age: 24.84 with range: 20-...