With energy resource scarcity and energy crisis in the world, energy efficiency has become a subject of great importance. In warm and humid climates as well as cold and mountainous ones, annual energy consumption is too high to achieve desirable living conditions in built environments, and hence energy efficiency measures and practices in such buildings is of utmost priority. Given the direct r...

the effect of economic growth and free trade on environment and transnational pollutions is one of the most important current discussions in the field of environmental economics. nowadays, the economics, social and developmental consequences of the climatic changes around the world is increasingly accepted and approved. in fact, the environment is considered as one of the key elements for susta...

background: consumption of energy drinks has become widespread among athletes. the effectiveness of red bull and hype energy drinks on selected indices of maximal cardiorespiratory fitness and blood lactate levels in male athletes was examined in this study. methods: ten male student athletes (age: 22.4 ± 2.1 years, height: 180.8 ± 7.7 cm, weight: 74.2 ± 8.5 kg) performed three randomized maxim...

This study aims to use vernacular climatic solutions (VCS) of traditional dwellings of Bushehr in common residential buildings of this city in southern Iran and answer to the question that “What is the effect of VCS in terms of energy consumption in these buildings?”. This research was conducted on two levels. At the first level, after selecting an existing model of common residential buildings...

objective: the main objective pursued in this paper is to investigate the energy consumption for drying of potato slices using vacuum-infrared drying method. methods: drying of potato slices with the thicknesses of 1, 2 and 3 mm were conducted at vacuum levels of zero (without vacuum), 20, 80 and 140 mm [hg], infrared radiation at power levels of 100, 150 and 200 w in the three repetition. resu...

the municipality of tehran is intending to construct a permanent international flower exhibition. the activities for construction began in the year 2006. the exhibition has three distinct areas namely “northern area”,”southern area” and “central area”. in northern and southern area the flowers are supposed to be preserved and in central area, they will be sold out. in the present st...

due to shortage of precipitation and the spatial and periodical disparity of rainfalls, iran iscounted among the arid and semi-arid countries of the world, and therefore the water utilities have put thecontrol of consumption and efficient use of water high on their priorities. water consumption management isconsidered as a field of energy management, and the impacts of effective measure related...

The philosophy of efficient energy consumption is vitally crucial to profitable production cost in manufacturing industries. This is because the unit production cost is largely determined by the cost of unit energy supply; which is quite higher than the cost of raw materials in Nigeria. It has been established that the Nigerian industrial sector is responsible for 8.7% of the total energy consu...