Preface This special issue of Fundamenta Informaticae focuses on the foundations and applications of Cog-nitive Informatics and Computational Intelligence (briefly, CI2). CI2 focuses on studies of human information processing as well as the byproducts of perception and cognition. Cognitive Informatics (CI) is a multidisciplinary study of cognition, computing and information sciences which inves...

Fuzzy numbers in number theory are a foundation of fuzzy sets and fuzzy mathematics that extend the domain of numbers from those of real numbers to fuzzy numbers. Fuzzy arithmetic is a system of fuzzy operations on fuzzy numbers. A theory of fuzzy arithmetic is presented towards a fuzzy mathematical structure for fuzzy inference and cognitive computation. The mathematical models of fuzzy number...

There is no doubt that the past 50 years have seen spectacular progress in our scientific understanding of how human beings use and process spoken language, as well as in our technical ability to mimic such behaviour in practical computer-based systems. However, despite these impressive achievements, we still have a long way to go before these two areas of knowledge and discovery converge on a ...

OBJECTIVES Human factors engineering is a discipline that deals with computer and human systems and processes and provides a methodology for designing and evaluating systems as they interact with human beings. This review article reviews important current and past efforts in human factors engineering in health informatics in the context of the current trends in health informatics. METHODS The...

In the paper, we propose an approach of POM (peculiarity oriented mining) centric multiaspect data analysis for investigating human problem solving related functions, in which computation tasks are used as an example. The proposed approach is based on Brain Informatics (BI) methodology, which supports studies of human information processing mechanism systematically from both macro and micro poi...

Effects of visual cues and selfexplanation prompts: empirical evidence in a multimedia environment Lijia Lin, Robert K. Atkinson, Wilhelmina C. Savenye & Brian C. Nelson a Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (MOE & STCSM), Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China b School of Comput...