The aim of this study is to improve the Cold Water Solubility (CWS) and esterification activity of Native corn Starch (NS) by pretreatment NS using NaOH/urea aqueous solution. The influence of pretreatment on granule shape and crystal structure of corn starch was investigated by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). It has been found that the average particle size of P...

The objective of this experiment was to determine the relationship between corn kernel vitreousness and ruminal in situ starch degradation. Fourteen U.S. and five Brazilian corn hybrids cultivated in their respective countries were evaluated. The U.S. dent hybrids were harvested at one-half milk line, black layer, and 21 d after black layer stages of maturity. Brazilian flint hybrids were harve...

The effects of diets with different starch sources on the total tract apparent digestibility and glucose and insulin responses in cats were investigated. Six experimental diets consisting of 35% starch were extruded, each containing one of the following ingredients: cassava flour, brewers rice, corn, sorghum, peas, or lentils. The experiment was carried out on 36 cats with 6 replications per di...

A modified pesta granule was developed for Pseudomonas fluorescens BRG100, a bioherbicidal bacterium for grass weeds, green foxtail (Setaria viridis) and wild oat (Avena fatua). This study reports: i) the effect of formulation water activity (aw) on survival of P. fluorescens BRG100 and, ii) the effect of starch on disintegration and dispersal of a green fluorescent protein transformant of P. f...

Probiotics are commonly fed to dairy cattle to improve feed efficiency and increase milk yield. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of a probiotic, (Bovamine®; Nutrition Physiology Company, LLC. Guymon, OK) consisting of Lactobacillus acidophilus (LA) and Propionibacterium freudenreichii (PF), on the in vitro digestibility of starch and neutral detergent fiber (NDF). Starch...

The effect of recrystallization temperature on the lamellar structure of RSIII samples was studied using XRD and SAXS. The polymorph type could be manipulated in a controlled manner, independently of the plant source. In RSIII from corn starch and from high-amylose corn starch, retrogradation at a low temperature led to the formation of polymorph B with lamellas arranged in long-range periodici...

Whole-plant corn was harvested at early dent, quarter milkline, two-thirds milkline, and black layer stages to evaluate the effects of maturity on intake, digestion, and milk production when corn was fed as silage in the diet. Twenty multiparous Holstein cows were used in a replicated experiment with a 4 x 4 Latin square design with 28-d periods. Diets containing 50% forage (67% corn silage and...

Interactions among dietary ingredients are often assumed non-existent when evaluating the nutritive value and health effects of dietary fiber. Specific fibers can distinctly affect digestive processes; therefore, digestibility and fermentability of the complete diet may depend on fiber types present. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of readily fermentable fibers (β-glucans and resistant...

Four plant starches were used to study human amylase activity in normal serum and urine, “pancreatitis” serum,duodenal fluid (secretin stimulated),saliva, and pancreatic extract. The starches were derived from waxy maize, high amylosecorn, potato, and corn (pearl), and were lintnerized. It was shown that the rate of digestion of starch by each of the fluids tested dependson the plant starch sel...