Introduction Refugees and host populations Changing opportunities in the local context Agricultural opportunities Competition for scarce resources Economic opportunities Infrastructure and development resources Social dynamics Varying host experiences during the refugee presence Vulnerable individuals: older persons and people with disabilities Poor farmers and casual laborers Employees on fixe...

overcoming spatial and temporal limitation, information and communication technology is today considered as the axis and key to sustained development and as the most important criterion for development which has reshaped the world and life patterns and it is, in fact, considered both the cause and the effect of development. identifying and proper using of new opportunities for sustained develop...

on the verge of the first world war, the english connected the national railroad network of india by india's baluchistan to dozdab in iran's baluchistan in order to keep the connection line between iran and india. after this and when the transport of goods to india accelerated, a number of indian siks immigrated to dozdab, whose name later changed to zahedan. but the residence of siks...

information and communication technologies are the most recent scientific achievements of mankind's ability seems to have much to offer society and are expected to be useful in solving the problems of human society. many around the world believe that accelerates the process of adjustment in the exchange of knowledge and information through information and communication technologies a vital role...

The Extraordinary Magnetoresistance (EMR) effect is a change in the resistance of a device upon the application of a magnetic field in hybrid structures, consisting of a semiconductor and a metal. The underlying principle of this phenomenon is a change of the current path in the hybrid structure upon application of a magnetic field, due to the Lorentz force. Specifically, the ratio of current, ...

up to three decades ago, economic statistics could systematically meet the statistical needs and economic views quantitative analyses requirements (known as growth – centered views) in the framework of national accounts and input-output tables. however, owing to the insensitivity of these views to simultaneous survey of socio-economic issues, no attention has been paid to systematizing social s...

Current research by the developers of rapid prototyping systems is generally focused on improvements in cost, speed and materials to create truly economic and practical economic rapid manufacturing machines. In addition to being potentially smarter/faster/cheaper replacements for existing manufacturing technologies, the next generation of these machines will provide opportunities not only for t...

The authors discuss how Maine's Sustainability Solutions Initiative (SSI) can contribute to economic development in the state. SSI research is covering five of the seven targeted technology areas identified in recent reports as being important for economic development in the state (forestry and agriculture, environmental, information, composites, marine and aquaculture). The authors note how th...

The economy of street food vendors provides not only affordable food for the urban poor people, but also generates opportunities of self-employment. However, success of these tiny units is dependent on various networks that create this economy. Therefore, economic outcomes from these entrepreneurial activities could be embedded with the social relations through networks. Through an ethnographic...