BACKGROUND Systematic reviews of treatment interventions in stable or chronic conditions often require the synthesis of clinical trials with a cross-over design. Previous work has indicated that methodology for analysing cross-over data is inadequate in trial reports and in systematic reviews assessing trials with this design. OBJECTIVE We assessed systematic review methodology for synthesisi...

OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to compare and evaluate the efficacy and safety of drops and atomized administration of intranasal ketamine (INK) in terms of behavioral response for agent acceptance during administration and for agent efficacy and safety for the sedation of young uncooperative pediatric dental patients. STUDY DESIGN Thirty-four uncooperative ASA grade-1 children, re...

Meiotic recombination ensures the fertility of gametes and creates novel genetic combinations. Although meiotic crossover (CO) frequency is under homeostatic control, CO frequency is also plastic in nature and can respond to environmental conditions. Most investigations have focused on temperature and recombination, but other external and internal stimuli also have important roles in modulating...

In a randomized, double-blind crossover trial in 30 elderly patients suffering from moderate to severe pain, the analgesic efficacy, tendency to produce mental confusion and side effect profile of meptazinol 100 mg orally were compared with those of pentazocine 25 mg orally were compared with those of pentazocine 25 mg orally and placebo. Both the active drugs produced significantly better anal...

Of 212 patients with duodenal ulcer treated with four weeks of one gram daily cimetidine, 25 had ulcers which underwent no reduction in size despite treatment. The effects of tripotassium dicitrato bismuthate (TDB) tablet four times a day or cimetidine 1.6 g daily on the healing of these cimetidine resistant ulcers were compared in a randomised crossover trial. Ten of 12 patients on tripotassiu...

BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to determine if the design enhancements incorporated into the new Provox Vega Indwelling Voice prostheses result in any positive benefits in vivo. METHODS Using a randomized, crossover study design, 31 participants using tracheoesophageal speech postlaryngectomy completed a 3-week trial of the Provox Vega and a comparator device. Main outcome measure...

BACKGROUND Low maternal awareness of fetal movements is associated with negative birth outcomes. Knowledge regarding pregnant women's compliance with programs of systematic self-assessment of fetal movements is needed. The aim of this study was to investigate women's experiences using two different self-assessment methods for monitoring fetal movements and to determine if the women had a prefer...

Crossover (CO) recombination creates a physical connection between homologs that promotes their proper segregation at meiosis I (MI). Failure to realize an obligate CO causes homologs to attach independently to the MI spindle and separate randomly, leading to nondisjunction. However, mechanisms that determine whether homolog pairs have received crossovers remain mysterious. Here we describe a s...

OBJECTIVES To measure the thickness at which primary schoolchildren apply sunscreen on school day mornings and to compare it with the thickness (2.00 mg/cm(2)) at which sunscreen is tested during product development, as well as to investigate how application thickness was influenced by age of the child (school grades 1-7) and by dispenser type (500-mL pump, 125-mL squeeze bottle, or 50-mL roll-...

Serial casting aims to improve an equinus gait pattern in children with spastic cerebral palsy (SCP). We evaluated the effect of short-term stretch casting on gait in children with SCP, compared to the natural history. A crossover trial, consisting of a control phase and a casting phase, was conducted with children randomised into two groups. Both groups were assessed clinically, and using 3D g...