In ‘Essential stuff’ (2008) and ‘Stuff’ (2009), Kristie Miller argues that two generally accepted theses, often formulated as follows, are incompatible: (Temporal) mereological essentialism for stuff (or matter), the thesis that any portion of stuff has the same parts at every time it exists. Stuff composition, the thesis that for any two portions of stuff, there exists a portion of stuff that ...

In this paper, we argue that, in order to account for the apparently substantive nature of definitional disputes, a commitment what call ‘Socratic essentialism’ is needed. We defend Socratic essentialism against prominent neo-Carnapian challenge according which disputes always some way trace back disagreements over how expressions belonging particular language or concepts certain conceptual sch...

Psychological essentialism is a folk theory characterized by the belief that a causal internal essence or force gives rise to the common outward behaviors or attributes of a category's members. In two studies, we investigated whether 4- to 7-year-old children evidenced essentialist reasoning about heart transplants by asking them to predict whether trading hearts with an individual would cause ...

Two studies were carried out in England to investigate the role of essentialist national group definitions in determining the effect of national identification on prejudice towards immigrants, and asylum seekers in particular. It was expected that the relationship between national identification and prejudice would depend on the degree to which participants endorse an essentialist ('ethnic') de...

This article deals with the discourse of cultural globalisation and related issues such as the global market and cultural industry, which emerged as recent seminal factors within the context of Iranian culture, art and artistic practice during the recent history of Iran. Moreover, it seeks to explore the inevitable issues drawn from the process of globalisation, namely the forces of standar...