One of the problems for electrical power delivery through power lines in northern countries is when snow or ice accumulates on electrical insulators. This could lead to snow or ice-induced outages and voltage collapse, causing huge economic loss. This paper proposes a novel real-time intelligent surveillance and image analysis system for detecting and estimating the snow and ice coverage on ele...

this paper investigates the islands formation in initial stages of restoration process in blackout condition and studies the impacts of islands number variation on the process execution. in addition, a method is proposed to determining each island optimal boundaries. then the effects of transmission lines thyistor controlled series compensators (tcsc) to facilitate restoration process and impro...

A snow-covered forest mapping method for optical remote sensing is proposed. The method is based on linear sub-pixel reflectance modelling of the surface components snow, individual tree species and bare ground. Experiments are performed using a 100% snow-covered Landsat TM scene and aerial photos covering spruce, pine and birch forest in the Jotunheimen mountain area of South Norway. The refle...

homogeneous charge compression ignition (hcci) combustion is a pioneer method of combustion in which pre-mixed fuel and oxidizer (typically air) are compressed to the point of auto-ignition. hcci engines can operate with most alternative fuels, especially, dimethyl ether (dme) which has been tested as a possible diesel fuel due to its simultaneously low nox and pm emissions. in this paper a sin...

Introduction Conclusions References Tables Figures Back Close Full Screen / Esc Biogeosciences Discussions This discussion paper is/has been under review for the journal Biogeosciences (BG). Please refer to the corresponding final paper in BG if available. Abstract Introduction Conclusions References Tables Figures Back Close Full Screen / Esc Abstract Winter CO 2 flux is an important element t...

intra-specific diversity in free-living terrestrial protists (Euglyphida: Assulina) Enrique Lara*, Thierry J. Heger , Rodrigo Scheihing and Edward A. D. Mitchell 1 Laboratory of Soil Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, Rue Emile Argand 11, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland, 2 WSL, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, Ecosystem Boundaries Research Unit, ...

WSL, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, Ecosystem Boundaries Research Unit, Wetlands Research Group, Station 2, Lausanne, Switzerland, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Laboratory of Ecological Systems, Station 2, Lausanne, Switzerland, Plant and Soil Laboratory, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland, Department of Zoo...

According to recent Studies, about 60 percent of surface waters and 57 Percent ground waters are located in snowy zones in Iran. In most areas of northern hemisphere and alpine environment areas, snow melt lead to the maximum instantaneous flow rate and is an important part of annual discharge. The present study investigated the effect of snowmelt on the surface waters and ground waters in B...