abstract the variables affecting the nature of reading comprehension can be classified into two general categories: reader’s variables, and text variables (alderson, 2000). despite the wave of research on vocabulary knowledge as reader’s variable, the role of this knowledge in c-test as a text-dependent test and its interaction with lexical cohesion of the test as a text feature has remained a...

Background and Aim: Ever-increasing development of access to appropriate software and hardware for e-learning especially development of worldwide web has suggested new horizons for educational institutes. It is much important in medical sciences, because Medical Sciences deal with the health of human beings. Since beside issues related to education, research and information production, appropri...

any change in the refractive index of a laser active medium can lead to serious degradation of beam quality, laser beam modes, laser performance and variation in the intensity distribution. alteration in the refractive index of laser active medium is especially notable in high power lasers. it is clear that in the laser beam production, the pumping agent induces a great amount of heat which...

In recent years, due to the development of information and communication technology and the approval of upstream researchers in the country, such as the road map of government of Iran, attention to the concept of e-government and at a higher level, the rule of electronics has a special place. For this purpose, realization of the relevant objectives, effective factors in the sustainable developm...

Background and Aim: Increasing the use of smartphones, improving the state of World Wide Web, and also the need for flexibility in the education process have made the implementation of e-learning in human society inevitable, eliminated time and space limitations, and provided equal education. However, the pace of its creation and development, especially in universities and higher education cent...

There is an increasing use of technology in an attempt to enhance teaching and learning in medical education, from the use of websites and virtual learning environments (VLEs) to interactive online tutorials to blogs and podcasts. Beneficiaries of CME programs did not show interest in e-learning subjects and they showed more tendencies to traditional education. We conducted this study to assess...