money laundering is a silent crime which crosses international boundaries. modern technology has led to new avenues to disguise the proceeds of crime. the advent of electronic money has meant that tracing the transfer of possibly illicit funds is an extremely difficult if not impossible task. therefore there is a need to take consistent measures against money laundering throughout the world esp...

We show that gapless spin liquids, which are potential candidates to describe the ground state of frustrated Heisenberg models in two dimensions, become trivial insulators on cylindrical geometries with an even number legs. In particular, we report calculations for Gutzwiller-projected fermionic states strips square and kagome lattices. By choosing different boundary conditions degrees freedom,...