drafts of major primary tillage implements were measured in a clay loam soil using a tension loadcell. implements consisted of a moldboard, a disk and a chisel plow each equipped with one tillage unit. a photoelectric speed sensor was used for actual forward speed measurements. during the study, the effects of forward speed and tillage depth on draft requirements were investigated. a general re...

Membrane BioReactor (MBR) in which membrane separation process is combined with biological processes is an efficient alternative for wastewater treatment and reuse. However, the major process problem with MBRs remains the membrane fouling due to the physicochemical interactions between the membrane material and the components in the mixed liquor. Along with the fouling, membrane permeability de...

Hydraulic turbines exhibit total load rejection during operation because of high fluctuations in the grid parameters. The generator reaches no-load instantly. Consequently, the turbine runner accelerates to high speed, runaway speed, in seconds. Under common conditions, stable runaway is only reached if after a load rejection, the control and protection mechanisms both fail and the guide vanes ...

Since the birth of the first prototype of the modern reaction turbine, cavitation as conjectured by Euler in 1754 always presents as a challenge. Following his theory, the evolution of modern reaction (Francis and Kaplan) turbines has been completed by adding the final piece of the element 'draft-tube' that enables turbines to explore water energy at efficiencies of almost 100%. However, during...

The object of this research was to report a draft proteome of human fallopian tube (hFT) comprises 5416 identified proteins, which could be considered as a physiological reference to complement Human Proteome Draft. The proteomic raw data and metadata were stored in an integrated proteome resources centre iProX (IPX00034300). This hFT proteome contains many hFT markers newly identified by mass ...

AIMS To maximize spore production by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens B128, and its antagonism to the fungal pathogen Botrytis elliptica B061. METHODS AND RESULTS In the 5-l stirred-tank bioreactor (STR), with the 0.5 vvm aeration rate, an agitation rate of 200 rev min(-1) significantly enhanced the spore yield compared to the same in 300 rev min(-1) cultivations. In a 20-l airlift bioreactor (ALR)...

Numerical simulations were performed to investigate pressure fluctuations in the S-shaped region of a pump-turbine model. Analyses focused on pressure fluctuations in the draft tube and in the gap between the guide vanes and runner. Calculations were made under six different operating conditions with a constant guide vane opening, and the best efficiency point, runaway point, and low-discharge ...

The effective utilization of micro hydropower sources is often realized through the use pumps as turbines (PAT). efficiency PAT about same that original pump. A further increase in and power output can be achieved by modifying parts interacting with flow, especially impeller adjacent volute casing draft tube. This paper presents a user-friendly calculation model Francis turbine design its appli...

To understand the hydraulic vibration characteristics in a traditional hydropower system and identify possible exciting sources that may induce serious vibrations flow passage, experimental tests numerical calculations were conducted for different operating conditions. The results show pressure fluctuations are mainly related to vortex rope phenomena draft tube, dominant frequency of fluctuatio...