Drinking water contamination by fluoride is recognized as a major public health problem in many parts of the world. In fact, although fluoride is an essential trace element for animals and humans, excessive fluoride intake may cause adverse health effects. The present survey highlights on efficiency of different materials for the removal of fluoride from water. The most important results of ext...

A cross-sectional study investigated risk factors associated with choices to drink bottled water and tap water in rural Saskatchewan. Of 7,500 anonymous postal questionnaires mailed out, 2,065 responses were analyzed using generalized linear mixed models. Those who reported a water advisory (p < 0.001) or living in the area for £10 years (p = 0.01) were more likely to choose bottled water. Thos...

The microbial community of a full-scale, biologically active drinking water filter was surveyed using molecular techniques. Nitrosomonas, Nitrospira, Sphingomonadales, and Rhizobiales dominated the clone libraries. The results elucidate the microbial ecology of biological filters and demonstrate that biological treatment of drinking water should be considered a viable alternative to physicochem...

Studies have shown that certain opportunistic pathogenic species of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) can be present in distributed drinking water. However, detailed information about NTM population composition in drinking water is lacking. Therefore, NTM communities in unchlorinated drinking water from the distribution system of five treatment plants in the Netherlands were characterized using...

Fluoride is one of the few chemicals of natural origin that have been shown to cause significant health effects in people through drinking-water. The association between the fluoride level in drinking water and the degree of dental fluorosis has been documented worldwide. The permissible maximum health-based fluoride limit in drinking water is 1.5 mg/l. The aim of this paper is to assess human ...

• Per AFNOR Certification guidelines, a preliminary study was conducted where the relative accuracy, linearity, detection and quantification limits, selectivity (inclusivity and exclusivity) and practicability of the Colilert-18/Quanti-Tray method were assessed using samples of distribution water and fountain water spiked with strains of both coliform bacteria and E. coli. All the assessed perf...

In a survey on uranium and 226Ra concentrations in water distributed by Finnish waterworks, 548 samples were analysed that covered drinking water networks servicing 84% of all consumers. Among all consumers, the mean and median uranium concentrations at the point of use were 0.58 and 0.15 g L–1. The mean uranium concentration in drinking water produced from groundwater was 0.88 g L–1, and when ...

BACKGROUND In low and middle income countries, public perceptions of drinking water safety are relevant to promotion of household water treatment and to household choices over drinking water sources. However, most studies of this topic have been cross-sectional and not considered temporal variation in drinking water safety perceptions. The objective of this study is to explore trends in perceiv...

Abstract In this paper, we report new detections of SiO v = 1 and 2 J → 0 masers in the “water fountain” source IRAS 16552−3050, which was observed with Nobeyama 45 m telescope during 2021 March–April. Water fountains are evolved stars whose H O maser spectra trace high-velocity outflows &gt;100 km s −1 . This is second known case a water fountain, after their prototypical source, W 43A. These ...

fluoride is one of the most important elements in the composition of teeth and bones. this element can enter the body via different ways. however, drinking water is the most important way to receive fluoride by a lot of people. an increase in fluoride level in the body causes dental fluorosis and its absence leads to teeth decay. standard rate of fluoride in drinking water is determined by the ...