β-relaxation has long been attributed to localized motion of constituent molecules or atoms confined to isolated regions in glasses. However, direct experimental evidence to support this spatially heterogeneous scenario is still missing. Here we report the evolution of nanoscale structural heterogeneity in a metallic glass during β-relaxation by utilizing amplitude-modulation dynamic atomic for...

The apparent value of the measured J-coupling is affected by transverse cross-correlated relaxation between dipolar interaction and chemical shift anisotropy. This effect counteracts the decrease in the apparent value of J resulting from self-decoupling caused by longitudinal relaxation, thereby bringing the measured J-coupling closer to its true value. In addition to the dynamic frequency shif...

Molecular dynamics simulations were carried out on a series of Lennard-Jones binary mixtures of rigid, asymmetric, dumbbell-shaped molecules. Below an onset temperature, the rotational and translational dynamics split into the slow structural α relaxation and a higher-frequency Johari-Goldstein β relaxation. Both processes are dynamically heterogeneous, having broad distributions of relaxation ...

Relaxation phenomena in glasses are a subject of utmost interest, as they are deeply connected with their structure and dynamics. From a theoretical point of view, mechanical relaxation allows one to get insight into the different atomic-scale processes taking place in the glassy state. Focusing on their possible applications, relaxation behavior influences the mechanical properties of metallic...

In this study, atomic force microscopy-based dynamic oscillatory and force-relaxation indentation was employed to quantify the time-dependent nanomechanics of native (untreated) and proteoglycan (PG)-depleted cartilage disks, including indentation modulus E(ind), force-relaxation time constant τ, magnitude of dynamic complex modulus |E(∗)|, phase angle δ between force and indentation depth, sto...

Hyperinflation is the consequence of a dysbalance of static forces (determining the relaxation volume) and/or of the dynamic components. The relaxation volume is determined by an equilibrium between the elastic recoil of the lungs and of the chest walls. The dynamic components include the pattern of breathing, upper airway resistance and postinspiratory activity of inspiratory muscles. The resp...

By means of computer simulations, we investigate the relaxation of the Rouse modes in a simple bead-spring model for non-entangled polymer blends. Two different models are used for the fast component, namely fully flexible and semiflexible chains. The latter, which incorporate intramolecular barriers with bending and torsion terms, are semiflexible in the sense that static intrachain correlatio...

We extend a relaxation technique due to Bertsimas and Niño-Mora for the restless bandit problem to the case where arbitrary costs penalize switching between the bandits. We also construct a one-step lookahead policy using the solution of the relaxation. Computational experiments and a bound for approximate dynamic programming provide some empirical support for the heuristic.

The optical absorption of the Fröhlich polaron model is obtained by an approximation-free diagrammatic Monte Carlo method and compared with two new approximate approaches that treat lattice relaxation effects in different ways. We show that: (i) a strong coupling expansion, based on the Franck-Condon principle, well describes the optical conductivity for large coupling strengths (alpha > 10); (...