The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of electrical stimulation (2,500-Hz sine waves, interrupted for 50 pulsed bursts per second) to improve muscle torque using low-dosage training characteristics. Fifteen healthy subjects (9 men, 6 women), 20 to 32 years of age, participated in the experiment. All subjects received electrical stimulation of the right anterior thigh musculature...

The purposes of this randomized, double-blind, multicenter study were to compare healing of chronic dermal ulcers treated with pulsed electrical stimulation with healing of similar wounds treated with sham electrical stimulation and to evaluate patient tolerance to the therapeutic protocol. Forty-seven patients, aged 29 to 91 years, with 50 stage II, III, and IV ulcers were randomly assigned to...

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to evaluate the functional effects of additional action observational training for functional electrical stimulation treatment on weight bearing, stability and gait velocity of hemiplegic patients. [Subjects and Methods] Twenty subjects were randomized into two groups. Subjects more than six months post-stroke participated. Balance and gait velocity were ...

Transcutaneous electrical stimulation can depolarize nerve or muscle cells applying impulses through electrodes attached on the skin. For these applications, the electrode-skin impedance is an important factor which influences effectiveness. Various models describe the interface using constant or current-depending resistive-capacitive equivalent circuit. Here, we develop a dynamic impedance mod...

BACKGROUND There is a significant group of patients whose hearing impairment is characterized by normal or slightly elevated thresholds in the low frequency band with nearly total deafness in high frequency range. These patients remain beyond the scope of effective treatment by hearing aids. We name this kind of hearing loss 'partial deafness'. CASE REPORT A new method of partial deafness tre...

We investigated the effects of microamperage electrical stimulation (MES) on the healing of skin incision in rabbits. Thirty male adult rabbits were randomly divided into sham-treated and experimental groups. Each group was divided into three subgroups, based on the duration of experiment (4, 7, and 15 days). A full-thickness incision was made on the skin of each rabbit. The experimental group ...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of functional electrical stimulation (FES) to ankle dorsiflexor (DF) and ankle plantarflexor (PF) on kinematic and kinetic parameters of hemiplegic gait. METHODS Fourteen post-stroke hemiplegic patients were considered in this study. Electrical stimulation was delivered to ankle DF during the swing phase and ankle PF during the stance phase via single foot sw...

Functional electrical stimulation (FES) has clinical evidence in the rehabilitation of patients with spinal cord injury as indicated by several studies. Both inpatients and outpatients benefit from the therapeutic effect of the FES. The application areas are multifaceted and can be customized on the need for patients. This is represented by the individuality of the programmability of the stimul...

Recent studies have demonstrated that strong neural modulations can be evoked with optogenetic stimulation in macaque motor cortex without observing any evoked movements (Han et al., 2009, 2011; Diester et al., 2011). It remains unclear why such perturbations do not generate movements and if conditions exist under which they may evoke movements. In this study, we examine the effects of five opt...