In the past, model order reduction techniques have been successfully employed for 3-D PEEC interconnect models. This paper explores the diiculties in generating low order models when PEEC-like models include volume laments to accurately capture skin and proximity eeects.

A phenomenological model of free energy is presented to demonstrate a phase transition from a state with supersymmetry to a state without supersymmetry. The model is equivalent, in a commensurate phase, to the extended sublattice model for antiferroelectricity and ferrielectricity. In a selected set of parameters, the state with supersymmetry (antiferroelectric state) transforms to the symmetry...

In the present work, a four-port model for inter-digital transducer was developed. This model was modified from Mason’s equivalent circuit and was ideal for the simulation of balanced mode surface acoustic wave devices. Inheriting the virtues of Mason’s model, this model included the energy storage effect and was capable to fit arbitrary polarity configuration of transducers. Simulation results...

The disadvantage of the majority of data assimilation schemes is the assumption that the conditional probability density function of the state of the system given the observations [posterior probability density function (PDF)] is distributed either locally or globally as aGaussian. The advantage, however, is that through various different mechanisms they ensure initial conditions that are predo...

The phase and energy methods for computing binocular disparity maps from stereograms are motivated differently, have different physiological relevances, and involve different computational steps. Nevertheless, we demonstrate that at the final stages where disparity values are made explicit, the simplest versions of the two methods are exactly equivalent. The equivalence also holds when the quad...

This paper covers the estimation of the average yearly production of an appropriate wind turbine for different locations in Iran. The effects of topography, the influence of obstacles such as buildings and shelters, the collective effects of the surrounding terrain, roughness classifications, and orographic elements such as hills, cliffs, etc., all have been included in the calculations. A full...

In this paper, the optimal bead orientation problem of 3D shell/plate structures is investigated for both static and dynamic cases. Using a bending equivalent orthotropic shell design cell model, the optimal bead orientation problem is converted to an optimal orientation problem of bending equivalent orthotropic materials, and it is solved by a new energy based method. In the energy based metho...

We introduce a layered random spin model, equivalent to the Generalized Random Energy Model (GREM) for some range of parameters. Similarly to diluted spin system, the diluted GREM (DGREM) is introduced. It can be applied to calculate approximatly thermodynamical properties of spin glass models in low dimensions. Derrida’s Random Energy Model (REM) [1] is becoming more and more popular. It has b...

We investigate how human observers make use of three candidate cues in their lightness judgments. Each cue potentially provides information about the spatial distribution of light sources in complex, rendered 3D scenes. The illumination (lighting model) of each scene consisted of a punctate light source combined with a diffuse light source. The cues were (1) cast shadows, (2) surface shading, a...