The effect of different kinds of surfactants in various concentrations incorporated in an inert matrix, on the release of procainamide hydrochloride, as a cationic model compound, was investigated in this study. Sodium lauryl sulfate and sodium stearate as anionic surfactants, cetyl pyridinium chloride and cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide as cationic and span 60 and tween 80 as non-ionic surfact...

In this work, we examine the energy release rate and the J-integral of an electrically insulated crack in a piezoelectric solid under remotely uniform electrical/mechanical loads. We model the crack as a slender elliptical flaw to take into account the electric field inside the crack and obtain the exact and explicit solution. The analytic results show that the energy release rate, in general, ...

The effect of transverse shear on delamination in layered, isotropic, linear-elastic materials has been determined. In contrast to the effects of an axial load or a bending moment on the energy-release rate for delamination, the effects of shear depend on the details of the deformation in the crack-tip region. It therefore does not appear to be possible to deduce rigorous expressions for the sh...

black tea sample was dried by a vibro-fluidized bed dryer to find its aerodynamic behavior and thermal performance during drying. the drying experiments were conducted at three different inlet air temperatures of 100, 115 and 130°c and fluidization condition at five vibration intensity levels of 0 (no vibration), 0.063, 0.189, 0.395 and 1.184. the results showed that bed channeling and defluidi...

The aim of this study was to develop a derivative of chitosan as pharmaceutical excipient used in sustained-release matrix tablets of poorly soluble drugs. A water-soluble quaternary ammonium carboxymethylchitosan was synthesized by a two-step reaction with carboxymethylchitosan (CMCTS), decylalkyl dimethyl ammonium and epichlorohydrin. The elemental analysis showed that the target product with...

Bound quantum mechanical systems not expanding with the comoving frame of an expanding, flat FRW metric are found to release energy at a rate linearly proportional to the local Hubble constant (H o) and the systems' binding energy (E b); i.e., ˙ E = H o E b. Three exemplary quantum systems are examined. For systems with early cosmological condensation times — notably hadrons — time-integrated e...

the release rate of potassium (k) from micaceous minerals plays a significant role in supplying k to plants. the objective of this study was to determine the most appropriate kinetic equation to describe potassium release from micaceous minerals as influenced by organic acids. muscovite and phlogopite were made to react with 0, 500, 2000 and 4000 ?m solutions of oxalic, citric and malic acids f...

The rate of energy expenditure in maximal physical activity is fifty times that occurring at rest. Thus, a consideration of the manipulation of diet to influence physical performance should enquire into dietary energy and its metabolism. It is self-evident that a failure to meet the horse’s energy requirements, as estimated by INRA (1990) and National Research Council (1989), will result in a c...