Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) and its diagnosis are of great importance in the middleeast, according to the increasing burden of this disease and the large number of unreported cases. Less than 20% of all TB cases only have extra-pulmonary manifestations and breast TB is a rare form of extra-pulmonary TB. It includes about 1% of all breast lesions. Case Presentation: This study presents a br...

Introduction Although extra pulmonary tuberculosis accounts for only 10-15% of tuberculosis in India, they have high morbidity and mortality because of lack of good diagnostic methods. One of the recent molecular methods namely the Xpert MTB/RIF is a fully automated real time PCR system that detects M. tuberculosis (Mtb) complex and rifampicin resistance directly from clinical samples. This ass...

Tuberculosis (TB) is an important health problem in developing countries, with varying clinical presentations depending on the organs/systems involved. To study the spectrum of clinical and paraclinical aspects of extra pulmonary TB in children suffering from pulmonary TB. This study has been carried out on 65 children with tuberculosis, admitted in TB wards of National Research Institute of Tu...

The histological and histochemical features of a primary chemodectoma of lung are described and compared with previously reported pulmonary chemodectomata. The tumour is of interest because, although there is physiological evidence that chemoreceptors are present in the lung, they have not yet been located anatomically.

The factors regulating transfer of fluid into the pulmonary extra-vascular space and the role of sensory receptors of the airways in detecting such fluid fluxes are reviewed and discussed. It is concluded that the rapidly adapting receptors (RARs) located in apposition to bronchial venules are highly sensitive to changes in the pulmonary extra-vascular space produced by mild elevations of left ...

BACKGROUND Trend analysis is an important tool to monitor epidemiological changes of disease over time to guide resource allocation. This study aimed to study incidence trends and change-points of smear positive, smear negative, extra-pulmonary and relapse of tuberculosis (TB) in Iran from 2001 to 2015. STUDY DESIGN Repeated cross-sectional study METHODS: Nonlinear segmented regression was us...

Objectives: This study was undertaken to see the role of AFB microscopy and culture for the diagnosis of extra pulmonary tuberculosis. Design and Setting: This descriptive study was carried out at PMRC TB Research Centre King Edward Medical University/Mayo Hospital Lahore. Subject and Methods: Symptomatic suspects of extra-pulmonary TB were asked to submit their respective samples for AFB smear...

BACKGROUND Interventional bronchoscopy is considered an effective treatment option for malignant central airway obstruction (MCAO). However, there are few reports of interventional bronchoscopy in patients with MCAOs due to extra-pulmonary malignancy. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate treatment outcomes and prognostic factors for bronchoscopic intervention in patients wi...