background: there are two kinds of ascites, cirrhotic and malignant. the conventional diagnostic method to differentiate them is paracentesis. this is an invasive and time consuming method. however, ultrasonography is an easy and available method to provide valuable results in a short period of time. the aim of this study was to evaluate gallbladder wall thickness in differentiating cirrhotic a...

PURPOSE Vitreous hemorrhage (VH) is a rare but serious complication of the eyes with exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD). This retrospective study was designed to evaluate various clinical factors that may affect the visual prognosis of patients with VH secondary to exudative AMD. DESIGN Retrospective case study. METHODS We intensively documented 31 cases of VH secondary to exu...

Pathogenesis of Ascites 1517 Cirrhotic Ascites 1517 Noncirrhotic Ascites 1517 Clinical Features 1518 History 1518 Physical Examination 1518 Diagnosis 1519 Abdominal Paracentesis 1519 Ascitic Fluid Analysis 1521 Differential Diagnosis of Ascites 1527 Complications 1528 Ascitic Fluid Infection, Including Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis 1528 Cellulitis 1534 Tense Ascites 1535 Pleural Effusions 1...

The objective of this study was to assess the importance of strain and sex and their interaction effect on broiler chickens’ performance and susceptibility to ascites. Chicks from three strains (Ross 308, Cobb 500 and Arian, labeled as A, B and C respectively) were obtained from the same age breeder and sexed when one-day-old. Each crosses’ sex was assigned to four pens of 60 broilers each. Bod...

protein calorie malnutrition (pcm) is associated with an increased risk of morbidity and mortality in patients with cirrhosis and occurs in 50%-90% of these patients. although the pathogenesis of pcm is multifactorial, alterations in protein metabolism play an important role. this article is based on a selective literature review of protein and sodium recommendations. daily protein and sodium r...