A simple, sensitive and high throughput LC-MS/MS method was developed and validated for quantification of fipronil, fipronil sulfone and fipronil desulfinyl in rat and human dried blood spots (DBS). DBS samples were prepared by spiking 10 μl blood on DMPK-C cards followed by drying at room temperature. The whole blood spots were then punched from the card and extracted using acetonitrile. The t...

The utilization of molecular endpoints in ecotoxicology can provide rapid and valuable information on immediate organismal responses to chemical stressors and is increasingly used for mechanistic interpretation of effects at higher levels of biological organization. This study contributes knowledge on the sublethal effects of a commonly used insecticide, the phenylpyrazole fipronil, on larval f...

A biocidal product in gel form containing 0.05% fipronil active substance was used for pest control the habitat of thirteen Squirrel Monkey (Saimiri sciureus) a zoo. Following application, sudden death observed three primates. Routine bacteriological, histopathological and toxicological analyses on one cadaver tissue samples from did not produce any pathogenic agent, pesticide pathognomonic fin...

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BACKGROUND The honeybee, Apis mellifera, is undergoing a worldwide decline whose origin is still in debate. Studies performed for twenty years suggest that this decline may involve both infectious diseases and exposure to pesticides. Joint action of pathogens and chemicals are known to threaten several organisms but the combined effects of these stressors were poorly investigated in honeybees. ...

Background: Endosulfan, an organochlorine compound, and fipronil, a phenylpyrazole, are insecticides with a common mechanism of toxicity. They interfere with Clinflux by binding to the gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor (GABAAR) and blocking the inhibitory actions of GABAA. In vivo they cause neurotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, developmental toxicity, and can alter endocrine and immune systems. The th...

The causes underlying the increased mortality of honeybee colonies remain unclear and may involve multiple stressors acting together, including both pathogens and pesticides. Previous studies suggested that infection by the gut parasite Nosema ceranae combined with chronic exposure to sublethal doses of the insecticide fipronil generated an increase in oxidative stress in the midgut of honeybee...

Five insecticides used by urban pest management professionals for ant control and three experimental insecticides were tested to determine whether these insecticides were horizontally transferred among individuals in colonies of Argentine ants, Linepithema humile (Mayr) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Ants were exposed to insecticide-treated sand for 1 min and then placed in a colony of untreated an...