The contribution of indirect fitness to inclusive fitness is expected to increase as the reproductive skew increases, with indirect fitness being the only component of inclusive fitness of sterile individuals in eusocial species. However, the relative contribution of indirect fitness to inclusive fitness has rarely been evaluated empirically. Using data from a long-term study (1962–2003), we sh...

the aim of the present study was to examine anthropometric characteristics and selected physical fitness factors in male elite athletes (epee, foil, sabre) of iran national fencing team. the statistical population consisted of 30 athletes of fencing national team (age range 22.2± 3.67 yr) in the three weapons (epee n=10, foil n=10 and sabre n=10). anthropometric characteristics (sitting height,...

Adaptation to fitness; is a complex multi-stage process that requires of measures and the creation optimal conditions attract young people regular fitness classes make them necessity for many years. As result measurements, level adaptation determined: complete "fitness adaptation" if personality portrait fully fits into structure person's individuality; partial "adaptation fitness", person part...

Six laboratory strains of Drosophila melanogaster were used to measure "net fitness" and its components by interspecific competition with D. hydei using 100 experimental populations. The "total competitive ability," an estimate of net fitness measured in these competition experiments, was tightly correlated with another measure of net fitness, the population size, in single-species experiments ...

THIS PAPER PROPOSES PARTIAL ANSWERS TO THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS: in what senses can fitness differences plausibly be considered causes of evolution?What relationships are there between fitness concepts used in empirical research, modeling, and abstract theoretical proposals? How does the relevance of different fitness concepts depend on research questions and methodological constraints? The pape...

With the development of modern fitness, people pay more attention to customized sport fitness. This paper puts forward a service oriented fitness framework based on multi agent technology. Firstly, a service strategy for fitness was constructed through portals. Fitness resource nodes were distributed and organized in an internet or intranet. Secondly, with the help of agents of fitness demands ...

Spor aktiviteleri içerisinde fitness, sağlıklı bir yaşam için fiziksel etkinliğin öneminin anlaşılmasıyla sürekli gelişen ve çeşitlenen güçlü pazara sahiptir. Kullanıcılarının kalitelerini yükseltme boş zamanlarını eğlenceli şekilde değerlendirmeleri amacıyla tercih edilen insanların fiziksel, zihinsel, ruhsal, sosyal kültürel bakımdan gelişimlerine katkı sağlayarak insan yaşamında önemli yer e...

This thesis introduces Intelligent Fitness Functions and Partial Fitness Functions both of which can improve the performance of a genetic algorithm which is limited to a fixed run time. An Intelligent Fitness Function is defined as a fitness function with a memory. The memory is used to store information about individuals so that duplicate individuals do not need to have their fitness tested. D...